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MPLS-TP linear protection for ITU-T and IETF
Jeong-dong Ryoo,Taesik Cheung,King, Daniel,Farrel, Adrian,van Helvoort, Huub IEEE 2014 IEEE communications magazine Vol.52 No.12
<P>The MPLS Transport Profile (MPLS-TP) is a framework for the construction and operation of reliable packet-switched transport networks based on the architectures for MPLS and Pseudowires. Its development has been shared between the IETF, where the MPLS expertise resides, and the ITU-T, with its historic understanding of transport networks. MPLS-TP adds two significant features to the MPLS toolkit: Operations, Administration, and Maintenance (OAM), and linear protection switching. Unlike OAM, which resulted in two application specific and incompatible standards being approved at the World Telecommunication Standardization Assembly (WTSA) in November 2012, the MPLS-TP linear protection specification has resulted in a single unified solution that has been published in IETF RFCs and in ITU-T Recommendation G.8131. This article outlines the novel concepts and operation principles of the unified MPLS-TP linear protection switching mechanism and discusses how it differs from pre-existing solutions. In addition, the issues of compatibility with pre-existing solutions and the applicability to other network topologies are discussed.</P>
Nutrition in the prevention and management of sarcopenia - A special focus on Asian Indians
Shinjini Bhattacharya,Rohini Bhadra,Annemie M.W.J.Schols,Ardy van Helvoort,Sucharita Sambashivaiah 대한골다공증학회 2022 Osteoporosis and Sarcopenia Vol.8 No.4
Sarcopenia, characterized by loss of muscle mass and strength, is common in advanced old age but can be accelerated by chronic disease, malnutrition and physical inactivity. Early initiation of intervention to achieve and maintain a higher peak muscle mass and strength may allow for prevention or delay of sarcopenia and facilitate independent living even in old age. In this context, malnutrition, a significant contributor to sarcopenia, is often overlooked among the Indian population. Maintenance of an optimal energy and protein balance with adequate physical activity level is essential to preserve physical function in the aging population. However, research on the role of micronutrients in muscle maintenance, is still in its infancy. This narrative review, therefore, aims to explore the current status of International and Indian research on the role of nutrition in sarcopenia mitigation and the way forward.
Rectifying Single GaAsSb Nanowire Devices Based on Self-Induced Compositional Gradients
Huh, Junghwan,Yun, Hoyeol,Kim, Dong-Chul,Munshi, A. Mazid,Dheeraj, Dasa L.,Kauko, Hanne,van Helvoort, Antonius T. J.,Lee, SangWook,Fimland, Bjørn-Ove,Weman, Helge American Chemical Society 2015 NANO LETTERS Vol.15 No.6
<P>Device configurations that enable a unidirectional propagation of carriers in a semiconductor are fundamental components for electronic and optoelectronic applications. To realize such devices, however, it is generally required to have complex processes to make p–n or Schottky junctions. Here we report on a unidirectional propagation effect due to a self-induced compositional variation in GaAsSb nanowires (NWs). The individual GaAsSb NWs exhibit a highly reproducible rectifying behavior, where the rectifying direction is determined by the NW growth direction. Combining the results from confocal micro-Raman spectroscopy, electron microscopy, and electrical measurements, the origin of the rectifying behavior is found to be associated with a self-induced variation of the Sb and the carrier concentrations in the NW. To demonstrate the usefulness of these GaAsSb NWs for device applications, NW-based photodetectors and logic circuits have been made.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/nalefd/2015/nalefd.2015.15.issue-6/acs.nanolett.5b00089/production/images/medium/nl-2015-00089f_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nl5b00089'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>