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Perceptually Scalable Extension of H.264
Hojin Ha,Jincheol Park,Sanghoon Lee,Bovik, A. C. IEEE 2011 IEEE transactions on circuits and systems for vide Vol.21 No.11
<P>We propose a novel visual scalable video coding (VSVC) framework, named VSVC H.264/AVC. In this approach, the non-uniform sampling characteristic of the human eye is used to modify scalable video coding (SVC) H.264/AVC. We exploit the visibility of video content and the scalability of the video codec to achieve optimal subjective visual quality given limited system resources. To achieve the largest coding gain with controlled perceptual quality degradation, a perceptual weighting scheme is deployed wherein the compressed video is weighted as a function of visual saliency and of the non-uniform distribution of retinal photoreceptors. We develop a resource allocation algorithm emphasizing both efficiency and fairness by controlling the size of the salient region in each quality layer. Efficiency is emphasized on the low quality layer of the SVC. The bits saved by eliminating perceptual redundancy in regions of low interest are allocated to lower block-level distortions in salient regions. Fairness is enforced on the higher quality layers by enlarging the size of the salient regions. The simulation results show that the proposed VSVC framework significantly improves the subjective visual quality of compressed videos.</P>
Ha, Hojin,Kvitting, John-Peder Escobar,Dyverfeldt, Petter,Ebbers, Tino Elsevier 2019 Magnetic resonance imaging Vol.55 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>To assess valvular flow characteristics and pressure drop in a variety of normal and stenotic prosthetic heart valves (PHVs) using 4D Flow MRI.</P> <P><B>Materials and methods</B></P> <P> <I>In-vitro</I> flow phantoms with four different PHVs were studied: Medtronic-Hall tilting disc, St. Jude Medical standard bileaflet (STJM), Medtronic CoreValve Evolut R and Edwards SAPIEN 3. The valvular flow characteristics were investigated in normal and stenotic PHVs by using 4D Flow MRI.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The results showed that each valve provided a different amount of signal loss in the 4D Flow MRI. The defect size of the signal loss from each valve was 37.5 mm, 39.0 mm, 37.5 mm and 51.0 mm for the Tilting disk, STJM, SAPIEN 3 and CoreValve, respectively. The 4D Flow MRI-based estimation of the elevation of the pressure drop through the stenotic PHV using both Bernoulli-based and turbulence-based methods correlated well with the true values for the Tilting disc, STJM and SAPIEN 3 valve. However, the obstructive hemodynamics in the stenotic CoreValve was not clearly identified due to the large signal void from the long struts, resulting in a severe underestimation of the pressure drop using 4D Flow MRI.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>The Tilting disc, STJM and SAPIEN 3 valves provided reasonable estimates of peak velocity, turbulence production and the corresponding pressure drop. In contrast, the large strut of the CoreValve and corresponding signal void prevented accurate measurements of the velocity and turbulence production; therefore, 4D Flow MRI prediction of the pressure drop through the CoreValve was not feasible.</P>
Ha, Ki-Young,Park, Hojin,Park, Seung-Ha,Lee, Byung-Il,Ji, Yi-Hwa,Kim, Tae-Yeon,Yoon, Eul-Sik Korean Society of Plastic and Reconstructive Surge 2015 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.42 No.6
Background The survival rate of grafted fat is difficult to predict, and repeated procedures are frequently required. In this study, the effects of the freezing period of harvested adipose tissue and the addition of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the process of fat absorption were studied. Methods Adipose tissue was obtained from patients who underwent a lipoaspirated fat graft. The fat tissue was cryopreserved at $-20^{\circ}C$ in a domestic refrigerator. A total of 40 nude mice were used. The mice in the experimental group received three different subcutaneous injections in the back: an injection of fresh fat and ASCs, an injection of fat that had been frozen for one month and ASCs, and an injection of fat that had been frozen for two months and ASCs. The control mice received fat grafts without ASCs. The mice were sacrificed at four or eight weeks after the procedure, and the grafted fat tissues were harvested. The extracted fat was evaluated using photographic analysis, volume measurements, and histological examination. Results In the control group, the fat resorption rates four weeks after transplantation in the grafts of fresh fat, fat that had been frozen for one month, and fat that had been frozen for two months were 21.14%, 22.46%, and 42.56%, respectively. In the experimental group, the corresponding resorption rates were 6.68%, 13.0%, and 33.9%, respectively. Conclusions ASCs can increase the fat graft survival rate. The use of ASCs in fat grafting can reduce the need for repeated fat grafts and provide good long term results.
Effect of swirling blood flow on vortex formation at post-stenosis
Ha, Hojin,Choi, Woorak,Park, Hanwook,Lee, Sang Joon Professional Engineering Publishing Ltd. 2015 Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engin Vol. No.
<P>Various clinical observations reported that swirling blood flow is a normal physiological flow pattern in various vasculatures. The swirling flow has beneficial effects on blood circulation through the blood vessels. It enhances oxygen transfer and reduces low-density lipoprotein concentration in the blood vessel by enhancing cross-plane mixing of the blood. However, the fluid-dynamic roles of the swirling flow are not yet fully understood. In this study, inhibition of material deposition at the post-stenosis region by the swirling flow was observed. To reveal the underlying fluid-dynamic characteristics, pathline flow visualization and time-resolved particle image velocimetry measurements were conducted. Results showed that the swirling inlet flow increased the development of vortices at near wall region of the post-stenosis, which can suppress further development of stenosis by enhancing transport and mixing of the blood flow. The fluid-dynamic characteristics obtained in this study would be useful for improving hemodynamic characteristics of vascular grafts and stents in which the stenosis frequently occurred. Moreover, the time-resolved particle image velocimetry measurement technique and vortex identification method employed in this study would be useful for investigating the fluid-dynamic effects of the swirling flow on various vascular environments.</P>
Perceptually Unequal Packet Loss Protection by Weighting Saliency and Error Propagation
Hojin Ha,Jincheol Park,Sanghoon Lee,Bovik, A C IEEE 2010 IEEE transactions on circuits and systems for vide Vol.20 No.9
<P>We describe a method for achieving perceptually minimal video distortion over packet-erasure networks using perceptually unequal loss protection (PULP). There are two main ingredients in the algorithm. First, a perceptual weighting scheme is employed wherein the compressed video is weighted as a function of the nonuniform distribution of retinal photoreceptors. Secondly, packets are assigned temporal importance within each group of pictures (GOP), recognizing that the severity of error propagation increases with elapsed time within a GOP. Using both frame-level perceptual importance and GOP-level hierarchical importance, the PULP algorithm seeks efficient forward error correction assignment that balances efficiency and fairness by controlling the size of identified salient region(s) relative to the channel state. PULP demonstrates robust performance and significantly improved subjective and objective visual quality in the face of burst packet losses.</P>
Macroblock-Based Frequency Selective Weighting for Visual Scalable Video Coding of H.264/AVC
Hojin Ha,Taegeun Oh,Sanghoon Lee IEEE 2009 IEEE transactions on broadcasting Vol.55 No.3
<P>In this paper, a novel macroblock-based frequency selective weighting scalable video coding (MBFSW-SVC) algorithm is investigated by exploring the characteristics of the human visual system (HVS) in SVC H.264/AVC for improving the coding efficiency. Compared with previous SVC schemes, the MBFSW-SVC can extend the quality layer with different frequency weighting for each MB according to the size of region of interests. For reasonable adaptation of the frequency weighting into the quality layer extension, the spatial context characteristics and the motion activities in each picture are taken into account. The experiment results show that the proposed scheme can improve the coding performance up to a 10-20% reduction of the bit rate with almost the same subjective video quality. In particular, the subjective quality is significantly improved in lower scalable quality layers with a small number of the encoding bit budget.</P>