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Yogurt: Effect on Leukocytes and Blood Coagulation in an Acute Liver Injury Model
Haro, Cecilia,Lazarte, Sandra,Zelaya, Hortensia,Alvarez, Susana,Aguero, Graciela The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4
This study determined whether cow or goat yogurt administration has a preventive effect on the hepatic damage undergone during an acute liver injury. Acute liver injury was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of d-galactosamine. Groups of mice were fed with cow or goat yogurt for 2 days or 7 days before the d-galactosamine injection. Blood and liver samples were obtained 12 hours after d-galactosamine inoculation. d-Galactosamine induced an increase in serum aminotransaminases, a reduction in the number of blood leukocytes, an enhancement in neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity, a recruitment of leukocytes toward the liver, an increase in cell death, and an alteration in prothrombin time, activated partialthromboplastin time, and fibrinogen levels. Treatment with cow or goat yogurt was effective at increasing leukocyte number and decrease myeloperoxidase activity. We also observed a decrease in leukocyte accumulation in the liver and a reduction in cell death. Activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen were normalized, but prothrombin time only showed an improvement without reaching normal values. Cow or goat yogurts were effective at protecting against an experimental acute liver injury, especially when administered for 7 days.
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Yogurt: Effect on Leukocytes and Blood Coagulation in an Acute Liver Injury Model
Cecilia Haro,Sandra Lazarte,Hortensia Zelaya,Susana Alvarez,Graciela Agüero 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.4
This study determined whether cow or goat yogurt administration has a preventive effect on the hepatic damage undergone during an acute liver injury. Acute liver injury was induced by an intraperitoneal injection of d-galactosamine. Groups of mice were fed with cow or goat yogurt for 2 days or 7 days before the d-galactosamine injection. Blood and liver samples were obtained 12 hours after d-galactosamine inoculation. d-Galactosamine induced an increase in serum aminotransaminases, a reduction in the number of blood leukocytes, an enhancement in neutrophil myeloperoxidase activity, a recruitment of leukocytes toward the liver, an increase in cell death, and an alteration in prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and fibrinogen levels. Treatment with cow or goat yogurt was effective at increasing leukocyte number and decrease myeloperoxidase activity. We also observed a decrease in leukocyte accumulation in the liver and a reduction in cell death. Activated partial thromboplastin time and fibrinogen were normalized, but prothrombin time only showed an improvement without reaching normal values. Cow or goat yogurts were effective at protecting against an experimental acute liver injury, especially when administered for 7 days.
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Safety and immunogenicity of different booster vaccination schemes for COVID-19 used in El Salvador
Sandoval Xochitl,Domínguez Rhina,Recinos Delmy,Zelaya Susana,Cativo Patricia,Docena Guillermo Horacio 대한백신학회 2024 Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research Vol.13 No.1
Purpose: The effectiveness of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination schemes and the combination of vaccines of various platforms for administering booster doses is still being studied since it will depend on the population’s response to vaccines. We aimed to evaluate the safety, protection, and immunogenicity of the Salvadorean population’s third dose booster COVID-19 vaccine and the potential benefit of homologous vs. heterologous regimens. Materials and Methods: This is an analytical observational cohort study in a population aged 18 to 65 years that was primarily vaccinated with AstraZeneca, Sinovac, or Pfizer/BioNTech. Volunteers were recruited (n=223) and followed up for 3 months after receiving the 3rd vaccine (BNT162b2) as a booster. Adverse reactions were monitored, serum anti-spike immunoglobulin G (IgG) was assessed by chemiluminescence, and a polymerase chain reaction was carried out when subjects developed clinical signs. Results: The cohorts finally included 199 participants, and we observed only mild adverse effects in all cohorts. A significant increase in specific IgG levels was found after the booster dose in all cohorts. The heterologous scheme with Sinovac showed the greatest increase in antibody titer, and a decrease was observed in all participants after 3 months. During the follow-up period, 30 participants showed symptomatology compatible with COVID-19, but only four were laboratory-confirmed and they showed mild clinical signs. Conclusion: These findings indicate that the booster doses used were safe and promoted an immediate increase in immunogenicity, which decreased over time. The heterologous regimen showed stronger immunogenicity compared to the messenger RNA-based homologous scheme.
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Spectropolarimetry of Galactic stars with anomalous extinction sightlines
Cikota, Aleksandar,Hoang, Thiem,Taubenberger, Stefan,Patat, Ferdinando,Mazzei, Paola,Cox, Nick L.J.,Zelaya, Paula,Cikota, Stefan,Tomasella, Lina,Benetti, Stefano,Rodeghiero, Gabriele Springer-Verlag 2018 Astronomy and astrophysics Vol.615 No.-
<P>Highly reddened type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) with low total-to-selective visual extinction ratio values, <I>R</I><I>V</I>, also show peculiar linear polarization wavelength dependencies with peak polarizations at short wavelengths (<I>λ</I>max ≲ 0.4 <I>μ</I>m). It is not clear why sightlines to SNe Ia display such different continuum polarization profiles from interstellar sightlines in the Milky Way with similar <I>R</I><I>V</I> values. We investigate polarization profiles of a sample of Galactic stars with low <I>R</I><I>V</I> values, along anomalous extinction sightlines, with the aim to find similarities to the polarization profiles that we observe in SN Ia sightlines. We undertook spectropolarimetry of 14 stars, used archival data for 3 additional stars, and ran dust extinction and polarization simulations (by adopting the picket-fence alignment model) to infer a simple dust model (size distribution, alignment) that can reproduce the observed extinction and polarization curves. Our sample of Galactic stars with low <I>R</I><I>V</I> values and anomalous extinction sightlines displays normal polarization profiles with an average <I>λ</I>max ~ 0.53 <I>μ</I>m, and is consistent within 3<I>σ</I> to a larger coherent sample of Galactic stars from the literature. Despite the low <I>R</I><I>V</I> values of dust toward the stars in our sample, the polarization curves do not show any similarity to the continuum polarization curves observed toward SNe Ia with low <I>R</I><I>V</I> values. There is a correlation between the best-fit Serkowski parameters <I>K</I> and <I>λ</I>max, but we did not find any significant correlation between <I>R</I><I>V</I> and <I>λ</I>max. Our simulations show that the <I>K</I>-<I>λ</I>max relationship is an intrinsic property of polarization. Furthermore, we have shown that in order to reproduce polarization curves with normal <I>λ</I>max and low <I>R</I><I>V</I> values, a population of large (a ≥ 0.1<I>μm</I>) interstellar silicate grains must be contained in the dust composition.</P>
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