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Wang Pei,Ze Long-Ji,Jin Lin,Li Guo-Qing 한국응용곤충학회 2022 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.25 No.1
Yellow-y (Y-y) contributes to the accumulation of melanins in insect cuticle. However, the underlining mecha nism requires further investigation. Two classical hypotheses have been proposed: Y-y acts as a dopachrome conversion enzyme (DCE) to accelerate biosynthesis of melanins; alternatively, Y-y serves as a cuticular anchor for pigments. Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata is a serious defoliator attacking Solanaceae and Cucurbitaceae plants. The beetle shows a species-specific pigmentation pattern: stage-dependent dark patches are distributed on pale-yellow background. Here we noted that RNA interference (RNAi)-aided knockdown of Hvyellow-y at the newly-ecdysed second- and third-instar larval, and 1-day-old prepupal stages changed coloration in both dark patches and pale-yellow background. Black pigmentation was lightened in the Hvy-y hypomorphs, including various body portions such as larval heads, antennae, mouthparts, scoli, strumae, legs and exuviae, pupal and adult thoraces and abdomens, and adult elytra and hindwings. Moreover, the coloration background was yel lowed in the RNAi beetles. Specifically, more yellow pigments were observed to deposit around the black dorsal markings in the hypomorphic pupal metathorax. Furthermore, the boundaries between black patches and yellow background were distinct in the resultant ladybirds. Similarly, the margins around bristle follicles and droplet spots were not fuzzy within the RNAi pupal black patches. In summary, even though Y-y facilitates the pigmentation in H. vigintioctopunctata exocuticle, our data did not support the pigment anchor hypothesis.
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( Pei-pei Han ),( Wen-ji Geng ),( Meng-nan Li ),( Shi-ru Jia ),( Ji-long Yin ),( Run-ze Xue ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.9
Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) has recently become an intelligent and environmentally friendly method for repairing cracks in concrete. To improve on this ability of microbial materials concrete repair, we applied random mutagenesis and optimization of mineralization conditions to improve the quantity and crystal form of microbially precipitated calcium carbonate. Sporosarcina pasteurii ATCC 11859 was used as the starting strain to obtain the mutant with high urease activity by atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) mutagenesis. Next, we investigated the optimal biomineralization conditions and precipitation crystal form using Plackett-Burman experimental design and response surface methodology (RSM). Biomineralization with 0.73 mol/l calcium chloride, 45 g/l urea, reaction temperature of 45°C, and reaction time of 22 h, significantly increased the amount of precipitated calcium carbonate, which was deposited in the form of calcite crystals. Finally, the repair of concrete using the optimized biomineralization process was evaluated. A comparison of water absorption and adhesion of concrete specimens before and after repairs showed that concrete cracks and surface defects could be efficiently repaired. This study provides a new method to engineer biocementing material for concrete repair.
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