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Direct Power Control of PWM Rectifier With Optimal Duty Ratio Under Unbalanced Network
Yongchang Zhang,Changqi Qu,Zhengxi Li,Yingchao Zhang,Longhan Cao 전력전자학회 2015 ICPE(ISPE)논문집 Vol.2015 No.6
Direct power control (DPC) attracted wide attention due to its advantages of simple structure, quick response, strong robustness and elimination of current regulation/PWM blocks. However, conventional table-based DPC cannot work well when grid voltage is unbalanced. This paper proposes an improved DPC by using a new definition of instantaneous reactive power. As a result, the distortion in grid current is eliminated and constant active power and new reactive power are obtained. Neither complicated calculation of power compensation nor positive/negative sequence extraction of grid voltage/current is required. The corresponding switching table suitable to regulate both active power and the new reactive power is established. Furthermore, the concept of duty cycle control is introduced to further improve the steady state performance of conventional DPC. Experimental results are presented to confirm the theoretical study and the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Lishan Lv,Xiaoming Li,Genmei Liu,Ran Li,Qiliang Liu,Huifang Shen,Wei Wang,Chunyi Xue,Yongchang Cao 대한수의학회 2014 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.15 No.2
Infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) poses a severe threat to thepoultry industry and causes heavy economic losses worldwide. Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infectionand controlling the spread of IBV, but currently availableinactivated and attenuated virus vaccines have somedisadvantages. We developed a chimeric virus-like particle(VLP)-based candidate vaccine for IBV protection. The chimericVLP was composed of matrix 1 protein from avian influenzaH5N1 virus and a fusion protein neuraminidase (NA)/spike 1 (S1)that was generated by fusing IBV S1 protein to the cytoplasmicand transmembrane domains of NA protein of avian influenzaH5N1 virus. The chimeric VLPs elicited significantly higherS1-specific antibody responses in intramuscularly immunizedmice and chickens than inactivated IBV viruses. Furthermore,the chimeric VLPs induced significantly higher neutralizationantibody levels than inactivated H120 virus in SPF chickens. Finally, the chimeric VLPs induced significantly higher IL-4production in mice. These results demonstrate that chimericVLPs have the potential for use in vaccines against IBV infection.
Feng Chen,Yulin Ma,Chunyi Xue,Jingyun Ma,Qingmei Xie,Genhu Wang,Yingzuo Bi,Yongchang Cao 대한수의학회 2008 JOURNAL OF VETERINARY SCIENCE Vol.9 No.1
This study was to investigate the effects of the combination of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) on pigs. Twenty-four weaning piglets were divided into a control group fed a diet free of mycotoxins and a toxin group fed a diet containing 1 mg/kg DON and 250 μg/kg ZON. The results showed that supplementation of DON and ZON in diets had extensive effects on pigs. More specifically, DON and ZON caused levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin in sera to decrease (p < 0.05) by 14.5%, 6.5% and 11.3%, respectively, and at the same time increased (p < 0.05) the serum enzyme activities of γ-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase by 72.0%, 32.6% and 36.6%, respectively. In addition, DON and ZON decreased (p < 0.05) the level of anticlassical swine fever antibody titers by 14.8%. Real-time PCR showed that DON and ZON caused the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, to decrease (p < 0.05) by 36.0%, 29.0% and 35.4%, respectively. Histopathological studies demonstrated that DON and ZON caused abnormalities in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, uterus, and kidney. The concentrations of DON and ZON used in this study are in line with the published critical values permitted by BML. Our study clearly put the standard and adequacy of safety measures for these toxins into question. The authors suggest that with the increasing availability of cellular and molecular technologies, it is time to revisit the safety standards for toxins in feeds so as to make feeds safer, providing consumers with safer products. This study was to investigate the effects of the combination of deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZON) on pigs. Twenty-four weaning piglets were divided into a control group fed a diet free of mycotoxins and a toxin group fed a diet containing 1 mg/kg DON and 250 μg/kg ZON. The results showed that supplementation of DON and ZON in diets had extensive effects on pigs. More specifically, DON and ZON caused levels of total protein, albumin, and globulin in sera to decrease (p < 0.05) by 14.5%, 6.5% and 11.3%, respectively, and at the same time increased (p < 0.05) the serum enzyme activities of γ-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase by 72.0%, 32.6% and 36.6%, respectively. In addition, DON and ZON decreased (p < 0.05) the level of anticlassical swine fever antibody titers by 14.8%. Real-time PCR showed that DON and ZON caused the mRNA expression levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2, to decrease (p < 0.05) by 36.0%, 29.0% and 35.4%, respectively. Histopathological studies demonstrated that DON and ZON caused abnormalities in the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, uterus, and kidney. The concentrations of DON and ZON used in this study are in line with the published critical values permitted by BML. Our study clearly put the standard and adequacy of safety measures for these toxins into question. The authors suggest that with the increasing availability of cellular and molecular technologies, it is time to revisit the safety standards for toxins in feeds so as to make feeds safer, providing consumers with safer products.