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( Yehia A. G. Mahmoud ),( Mohsen K. H. Ebrahim ),( Magda M. Aly ) 한국식물학회 2004 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.47 No.3
Laboratory and greenhouse experiments were conducted to assess the efficacy of Eucalyptus citriodora, 1pomoea carnea, Cuminum cyminum, Allium sativum and Hyoscyamus muticus leaf extracts, and Streptomyces exfloliatus (S) and Trichoderma harzianum (T) for controlling Botrytis fabae causing chocolate spot disease of faba bean. Laboratory study supported the use of E. citriodora (Ex 1) and I. carnea (Ex 2) extracts than the others for controlling the growth of B. fabae. S+T was the best for inhibiting spore germination followed by Ex 1 +Ex 2 after 8 h of testing, whereas Ex 1 +Ex 2 produced the lowest percent of germination after 16 h. After 4 days, the inhibiting order of the growth of B. fabae was S+T > Ex 1 +Ex 2 > T > Ex 2 > Ex 1= S. Greenhouse experiments showed the highest activities of peroxidase, catalase and pectinase in the infected plants. These activities were markedly reduced in healthy plants and widely changed by the biocontrol treatments. Applying biocontrol agents to the infected plants increased minerals (N, P, K and Mg), and both Chl biosynthesis and the photosynthetic activity, which in turn led to accumulation of metabolites. This served the plant to resist the detrimental effects of B. fabae on the plant growth and yield. In this concern, the efficiency of test biocontrol agents seemed to be in the order: T+S > Ex 1 +Ex 2 > T > S > Ex 2 > Ex.
A Protective Mechanism in Lungs of Rats Experimentally Infected with Aspergillus fumigatus
Yehia A G. Mahmoud,Abdulaziz Yahya Al Ghamdi,Eman H. F. Abd El Zaher The Korean Society of Mycology 2011 Mycobiology Vol.39 No.1
Aspergillus fumigatus is associated with invasive disease aspergillosis in immunocompromised individuals. The major aim of this study was to investigate the biochemical and immunological responses of male Wistar rats against A. fumigatus experimentally-induced pulmonary fungal infection. Nostril experimental exposure of male Wistar rats to a high dose of A. fumigatus freeze-dried preparation for only 24 hr resulted in a significant increase in levels of catalase, nitric oxide and lipid peroxide in lung homogenates, compared to those of the control animals. However, the oxidative status of the lungs of rats challenged with killed fungus did not change significantly, except for the stimulation in the level of lipid peroxide. IgG level was significantly elevated only in rats that received two low doses of fungus, compared to unexposed animals (p < 0.005). Examining the lung of rats exposed to A. fumigatus revealed no abnormal changes, except for pus in bronchial lumen spaces and per bronchial inflammation. Histologically, large numbers of granuloma cells were evident in the lungs of challenged rats, while no granuloma formation was evident in the lungs of rats exposed to killed fungus.
Yehia A. Abdel-Aziz,Muhammad Shoaib 한국항공우주학회 2014 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.15 No.1
In this paper, the effect of Lorentz force on the stability of attitude orientation of a charged spacecraft moving in an elliptic orbit in the geomagnetic field is considered. Euler equations are used to derive the equations of attitude motion of a charged spacecraft. The equilibrium positions and its stability are investigated separately in the pitch, roll and yaw directions. In each direction, we use the Lorentz force to identify an attitude stabilization parameter. The analytical methods confirm that we can use the Lorentz force as a stabilization method. The charge-to-mass ratio is the main key of control, in addition to the components of the radius vector of the charged center of the spacecraft, relative to the center of mass of the spacecraft. The numerical results determine stable and unstable equilibrium positions. Therefore, in order to generate optimum charge, which may stabilize the attitude motion of a spacecraft, the amount of charge on the surface of spacecraft will need to be monitored for passive control.
Yehia Ramy S. 한국미생물·생명공학회 2023 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.33 No.6
In the current study we assessed a new crystallized compound, 5-(1-hydroxybutyl)-4-methoxy-3- methyl-2H-pyran-2-one (C-HMMP), from the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum acutatum residing in the medicinal plant Angelica sinensis for its in vitro antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, antimalarial, and anti-proliferative properties. The promising compound was identified as C-HMMP through antimicrobial-guided fraction. The structure of C-HMMP was unambiguously confirmed by 2D NMR and HIRS spectroscopic analysis. Antimicrobial property testing of C-HMMP showed it to be effective against a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi with MICs ranging from 3.9 to 31.25 μg/ml. The compound displayed excellent antibiofilm activity against C. albicans, S. aureus, and K. pneumonia. Furthermore, the antimalarial and radical scavenging activities of C-HMMP were clearly dosedependent, with IC50 values of 0.15 and 131.2 μg/ml. The anti-proliferative activity of C-HMMP against the HepG-2, HeLa, and MCF-7 cell lines in vitro was investigated by MTT assay, revealing notable anti-proliferative activity with IC50 values of 114.1, 90, and 133.6 μg/ml, respectively. Moreover, CHMMP successfully targets topoisomerase I and demonstrated beneficial anti-mutagenicity in the Ames test against the reactive carcinogenic mutagen, 2-aminofluorene (2-AF). Finally, the compound inhibited the activity of α-glucosidase and α-amylase with IC50 values of 144.7 and 118.6 μg/ml, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, the identified compound C-HMMP was obtained for the first time from C. acutatum of A. sinensis, and this study demonstrated that C-HMMP has relevant biological significance and could provide better therapeutic targets against disease.