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Zuocai Dai,Shanyong Chen,Xuhui Xie,Lin Zhou 한국정밀공학회 2019 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.20 No.8
Surface damage has great influence on optical properties, especially the laser-induced damage threshold of optics, and it has become a difficult and basic issue to find suitable methods to efficiently remove the surface damage for improving the surface quality. In this paper, the characteristic evolution of brittle scratch and ground/lapped surface damage during inductively coupled plasma etching (ICPE) process are experimentally investigated on fused silica. Results of damage removal tests show ICPE can efficiently remove brittle scratch and eliminate the lateral and medial cracks. The PV (peak to valley) and RMS (root mean square) values of surface roughness increase with the exposure of lateral and medial cracks, and then gradually decreases with further etching. Finally, the ground and lapped fused silica surfaces with a size of 300 × 300 × 20 mm3 are efficiently processed by ICPE. The power spectral density analysis further demonstrates that the damage can be efficiently removed by ICPE. This study reveals the damage evolution during ICPE process and also provides technical guidance for optimizing the efficient damage removal process to rapidly improve surface quality, precision and fabrication efficiency of fused silica optics.
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Xu, Hui,Zhang, Xiaopeng,Wu, Zhijun,Feng, Ying,Zhang, Cheng,Xie, Minmin,Yang, Yahui,Zhang, Yi,Feng, Chong,Ma, Tai The Korean Gastric Cancer Association 2021 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.21 No.3
Purpose: While several prognostic models for the stratification of death risk have been developed for patients with advanced gastric cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy, they have seldom been tested in the Chinese population. This study investigated the performance of these models and identified the optimal tools for Chinese patients. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with metastatic or recurrent gastric adenocarcinoma who received first-line chemotherapy were eligible for inclusion in the validation cohort. Their clinical data and survival outcomes were retrieved and documented. Time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and calibration curves were used to evaluate the predictive ability of the models. Kaplan-Meier curves were plotted for patients in different risk groups divided by 7 published stratification tools. Log-rank tests with pairwise comparisons were used to compare survival differences. Results: The analysis included a total of 346 patients with metastatic or recurrent disease. The median overall survival time was 11.9 months. The patients were different into different risk groups according to the prognostic stratification models, which showed variability in distinguishing mortality risk in these patients. The model proposed by Kim et al. showed relative higher predicting abilities compared to the other models, with the highest χ<sup>2</sup> (25.8) value in log-rank tests across subgroups, and areas under the curve values at 6, 12, and 24 months of 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.59-0.72), 0.60 (0.54-0.65), and 0.63 (0.56-0.69), respectively. Conclusions: Among existing prognostic tools, the models constructed by Kim et al., which incorporated performance status score, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, alkaline phosphatase, albumin, and tumor differentiation, were more effective in stratifying Chinese patients with gastric cancer receiving first-line chemotherapy.
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