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        Double-layered core–shell structure of NaYF4:Yb,Er@SiO2@Zn1 − xMnxO for near-infrared-triggered photodegradation and antibacterial application

        Linxiang Tan,Xiaoxia Ke,Xuechun Song,Qiaoqiao Yin,Ru Qiao,Kaiyan Guo,Lanlan Zhu 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.60 No.-

        A novel NIR-responsive photocatalyst NaYF4:Yb,Er@SiO2@Zn1 − xMnxO with double-layered core–shell structure was prepared by a three-step reaction. NaYF4:Yb,Er serves as a NIR-to-visible upconverter and provides “visible light” or “necessary energy” to Zn1 − xMnxO. Meanwhile, Mn2+-doping in Zn1 − xMnxO can extend the photoresponse of ZnO to visible-light region and enhance its charge separation. The nanocomposite exhibits good activity for dye decomposition and antibacterial property under NIR irradiation. The “energy absorption – energy conversion – energy transfer – surface reaction” process dominates the overall photocatalytic activity. Based on the standard MTT (abbr. for 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay, NaYF4:Yb,Er@SiO2@Zn1 − xMnxO also exhibits good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) as model cells.

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        Dual stimuli-responsive polymeric prodrug consisting of reversible covalent bonded celastrol for tumor targeted delivery

        Jiangtao Su,Meng Rao,Heshuang Dai,Le Cai,Fan Ye,Lu Ye,Yuchen Hu,Ban Chen,Xiaoxia Guo 한국고분자학회 2024 Macromolecular Research Vol.32 No.2

        In this work, pH/GSH-responsive amphiphilic polymeric prodrug (EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA) was successfully prepared and could self-assembled into micelles in an aqueous solution. The EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA micelles possessed high stability in physiological condition and were pH and GSH sensitive due to the reversible borate ester bonds and disulfide bonds within the prodrug polymer. The structures of the prodrug polymers were characterized by NMR, FTIR, UV–vis spectroscopy. Transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurement indicated that the resulting micelles have desirable size distribution and regular spherical shape. Free active Celastrol can be released under low pH and high GSH environment; In vitro cellular uptake and growth inhibition assays suggested that the blank polymer micelles showed good biocompatibility. EDA-GLA/CE/2-FPBA micelles were more efficiently internalized by monolayer tumor cells and demonstrated superior tumor targeting effects as compared to free Celastrol control. These results demonstrated that the novel prodrug self-assembled dual-responsive nano-delivery platform was able to improve the bioavailability and tumor targeting activity of Celastrol, which provides a basis for further clinical applications of Celastrol and its derivatives.

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        Phenylboronic acid-functionalized gelatin–oleic acid nanoparticles for high loading and efficient transdermal delivery of Celastrol towards the treatment of psoriasis

        Jiangtao Su,Na Lin,Xiangyu You,Heshuang Dai,Meng Rao,Lu Ye,Fan Ye,Le Cai,Yuxin Chen,Gao Zhou,Xiaoxia Guo 한국고분자학회 2023 Macromolecular Research Vol.31 No.11

        Systemic toxicity, poor aqueous solubility, and poorly cell permeable ability hindered the clinical application of Celastrol. In this study, we aimed to design and synthesize an amphiphilic conjugate to encapsulate Celastrol into micelles to improve its water solubility, cellular membrane penetration, improving the clinic translation potential of Celastrol for the treatment of psoriasis. For this purpose, we first synthesized gelatin and oleic acid conjugate (GOC-1), and then covalently bonded 4-(3-boronophenylamino)-4-oxobutanoic acid (BPOA) with GOC-1 to form a stable GOC-2 conjugate which can self-assemble into micelles in aqueous solution. Celastrol (Cel) was physically encapsulated into the core of GOCs micelles. The dynamic stability, particle size, drug release, zeta potential, drug-loading efficiency, and surface morphology of Cel/loaded GOCs nano-micelles were determined. In addition, cell viability, cellular uptake of Cel/loaded GOC-2, and skin permeation and in vivo anti-psoriasis effect of Cel-loaded GOC-2 were investigated. Our results have shown that Cel/loaded GOC-1 and Cel/loaded GOC-2 have spherical shapes with diameters of around 200–300 nm. Compared to GOC-1, GOC-2 micelles showed higher drug-loading efficiency and excellent permeation ability in vitro. Moreover, Cel/GOC-2 micelles reduced erythema and white scales on the dorsal skin of psoriatic mice. In conclusion, BPOA attached GOC nanoparticles as a Celastrol carrier not only increase its water solubility but also improve drug-loading efficiency and cell permeation ability, exhibiting superior anti-psoriatic effect than the commercially available tacrolimus. Our work is expected to provide a facile approach to prepare nanocarrier for Celastrol to improve the clinic translation potential of Celastrol.

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