분단민족과 분단국가

호칸 비베리(Hakan Wiberg) 고려대학교 평화연구소 1991 평화연구 Vol.1 No.-

Industry- and Research-driven Education in Sustainable Architecture: Transitioning Towards a Professional M.Sc. Programme on Zero Emission Built Environments

Wyckmans, Annemie,Wiberg, Aoife Houlihan Sustainable Building Research Center 2011 International journal of sustainable building tech Vol.2 No.4

"A project is a vehicle to bring about change" [1] Strong pressure from industry, students and society has led the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim to introduce a 2-year international, interdisciplinary M.Sc. program in Sustainable Architecture in fall 2010. The program expanded from a 1-semester specialization course in energy- and environment-friendly architecture (22.5 ECTS) to a 120-ECTS 2-year program of four consecutive semesters. All courses within the program can also be selected as independent topics by regular architecture students who only want to specialize in low-carbon architecture during one semester. The program is connected to the Norwegian Centre for Environment-friendly Energy Research (CEER) in Zero Emission Buildings which was created under the leadership of NTNU (Director) and SINTEF (CEO) in 2009 [2]. The ZEB centre works closely with educational and research institutions, industry and public administration in Norway and abroad. The collaboration ensures the exchange of experiences and development of knowledge between institutions worldwide. In addition, the M.Sc. program has a strong link to the Norwegian Cities of the Future program and the development of the Br${\phi}$set site in Trondheim as a low-carbon neighbourhood. This paper analyses written feedback (class meetings and surveys) the teacher group has received during the first three semesters of the program since August 2010, and the actions that were implemented by the teacher group as a result of this feedback. The feedback is analyzed and evaluated using theory of group processes and experiential learning, and it is discussed how these actions help to build a flexible and interactive learning platform for both students and teachers. The analysis is divided into three main parts: (1) the expected learning outcomes; (2) communication; and (3) roles.

Large Scale Applications of Nanocellulosic Materials - A Comprehensive Review -

Lindstrom, Tom,Naderi, Ali,Wiberg, Anna Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper 2015 펄프.종이技術 Vol.47 No.6

The common production methods of nanocellulosic (cellulosic nanofibrils, CNF) materials from wood are being reviewed, together with large scale applications and particularly papermaking applications. The high energy demand for producing CNF has been one particular problem, which has been addressed over the years and can now be considered solved. Another problem was the clogging of homogenizers/microfluidizers, and the different routes to decrease the energy demand. The clogging tendency, related to the flocculation tendency of fibres is discussed in some detail. The most common methods to decrease the energy demand are TEMPO-oxidation, carboxymethylation and mechanical/enzymatic pre-treatments in the order of increased energy demand for delamination. The rheology characteristics of CNF materials, i.e. the high shear viscosity, shear thinning and the thixotropic properties are being illuminated. CNF materials are strength adjuvants that enhance the relative bonded area in paper sheets and, hence increase the sheet density and give an increased strength of the paper, particularly for chemical pulps. At the same time papers obtain a lower light scattering, higher hygroexpansion and decreased air permeability, similar to the effects of beating pulps. The negative effects on drainage by CNF materials must be alleviated through the appropriate use of microparticulate drainage aids. The use of CNF in films and coatings is interesting because CNF films and coatings can provide paper/board with good oxygen barrier properties, particularly at low relative humidities. Some other high volume applications such as concrete, oil recovery applications, automotive body applications and plastic packaging are also briefly discussed.

Large Scale Applications of Nanocellulosic Materials

Tom Lindstrom,Ali Naderi and Anna Wiberg 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이기술 Vol.47 No.6

The common production methods of nanocellulosic (cellulosic nanofibrils, CNF) materials from wood are being reviewed, together with large scale applications and particularly papermaking applications. The high energy demand for producing CNF has been one particular problem, which has been addressed over the years and can now be considered solved. Another problem was the clogging of homogenizers/microfluidizers, and the different routes to decrease the energy demand. The clogging tendency, related to the flocculation tendency of fibres is discussed in some detail. The most common methods to decrease the energy demand are TEMPO-oxidation, carboxymethylation and mechanical/enzymatic pre-treatments in the order of increased energy demand for delamination. The rheology characteristics of CNF materials, i.e. the high shear viscosity, shear thinning and the thixotropic properties are being illuminated. CNF materials are strength adjuvants that enhance the relative bonded area in paper sheets and, hence increase the sheet density and give an increased strength of the paper, particularly for chemical pulps. At the same time papers obtain a lower light scattering, higher hygroexpansion and decreased air permeability, similar to the effects of beating pulps. The negative effects on drainage by CNF materials must be alleviated through the appropriate use of microparticulate drainage aids. The use of CNF in films and coatings is interesting because CNF films and coatings can provide paper/board with good oxygen barrier properties, particularly at low relative humidities. Some other high volume applications such as concrete, oil recovery applications, automotive body applications and plastic packaging are also briefly discussed.

Large Scale Applications of Nanocellulosic Materials - A Comprehensive Review -

Tom Lindström,Ali Naderi,Anna Wiberg 한국펄프·종이공학회 2015 펄프.종이技術 Vol.38 No.1

The common production methods of nanocellulosic (cellulosic nanofibrils, CNF) materials from wood are being reviewed, together with large scale applications and particularly papermaking applications. The high energy demand for producing CNF has been one particular problem, which has been addressed over the years and can now be considered solved. Another problem was the clogging of homogenizers/microfluidizers, and the different routes to decrease the energy demand. The clogging tendency, related to the flocculation tendency of fibres is discussed in some detail. The most common methods to decrease the energy demand are TEMPO-oxidation, carboxymethylation and mechanical/enzymatic pre-treatments in the order of increased energy demand for delamination. The rheology characteristics of CNF materials, i.e. the high shear viscosity, shear thinning and the thixotropic properties are being illuminated. CNF materials are strength adjuvants that enhance the relative bonded area in paper sheets and, hence increase the sheet density and give an increased strength of the paper, particularly for chemical pulps. At the same time papers obtain a lower light scattering, higher hygroexpansion and decreased air permeability, similar to the effects of beating pulps. The negative effects on drainage by CNF materials must be alleviated through the appropriate use of microparticulate drainage aids. The use of CNF in films and coatings is interesting because CNF films and coatings can provide paper/board with good oxygen barrier properties, particularly at low relative humidities. Some other high volume applications such as concrete, oil recovery applications, automotive body applications and plastic packaging are also briefly discussed.

In Vitro Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Jawbone Compared with Dental Tissue

Linda F. Pettersson,Paul J. Kingham,Mikael Wiberg,Peyman Kelk 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2017 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.14 No.6

Autologous bone transplantation is the current gold standard for reconstruction of jawbone defects. Bone regeneration usingmesenchymal stem cells (MSC) is an interesting alternative to improve the current techniques,which necessitate a second site of surgery resulting in donor site morbidity. In this study,we compared the osteogenic ability of jawboneMSC(JB-MSC) withMSC from tissues with neural crest origin, namely, the dental pulp, apical papilla and periodontal ligament. All four types ofMSC were isolated from the same patient (n = 3 donors) to exclude inter-individual variations.TheMSCgrowth and differentiation properties were characterized. The osteogenic differentiation potential in each group of cells was assessed quantitatively to determine if there were any differences between the cell types. All cells expressed the MSC-associated surface markers CD73, CD90, CD105, and CD146 and were negative for CD11b, CD19, CD34, CD45 and HLA-DR. All cell types proliferated at similar rates, exhibited similar clonogenic activity and could differentiate into adipocytes and osteoblasts. An alkaline phosphatase assay, OsteoImageTM assay for mineralization and qRT-PCR measuring the genes runx2, ALP and OCN, indicated that there were no significant differences in the osteogenic differentiation ability between the variousMSCs. In conclusion,we show that from a small segment of jawbone it is possible to isolate sufficient quantities of MSC and that these cells can easily be expanded and differentiated into osteoblasts. JB-MSC appear to be good candidates for future bone regeneration applications in the craniofacial region.