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Impairments in prospective and retrospective memory following stroke.
Kim, Hyun Jung,Craik, Fergus I M,Luo, Lin,Ween, Jon Erik Oxford University Press 2009 Neurocase Vol.15 No.2
<P>Prospective memory (PM) is the ability to carry out a planned intention at a future time. We studied PM deficits in a group of community-dwelling stroke survivors compared with normal controls. Twelve stroke patients and 12 matched controls performed a series of tests assessing executive function, prospective (PM) and retrospective memory (RM). Patients performed less well than controls on laboratory measures of PM and associative RM; they also showed deficits on standard tests of RM and executive control. The groups did not differ on more structured clinical measures of executive function, RM, PM or self-rated PM and RM. The results are discussed in terms of an impairment in the ability to 'self-initiate' effortful cognitive processes.</P>
홍혜원 이화여자대학교 이화어문학회 1999 이화어문논집 Vol.17 No.-
To analysis of the principle of narrative formation and the type of narrator, which is what this article aims to, provides an interpretation of The Soil by Kwang-soo Lee as a manifestation of the authors's literary modernity. Concerning the principle of narrative formation, it is argued that The Soil builds the plot which is knitted up with paradigms on the basis of optimistic view to time and syntagms of mixture of ideal desires and real desires. As for the narration, the novel has a narrator with strong indoctrinating voice, which gives multiple focalization and multi-time narrating. The optimistic view to future and the inconsistency of characters' desires indicate the author's own experience of the modem time. That is, namely the dualism of modernity. Being inclined to enlightment -philosophy, the author shows preference to discourse style, which is distinguished with the subject-centered idea and eventually with instrumental others.