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Tahir, Khurram,Miran, Waheed,Nawaz, Mohsin,Jang, Jiseon,Shahzad, Asif,Moztahida, Mokrema,Kim, Bolam,Azam, Mudassar,Jeong, Sang Eun,Jeon, Che Ok,Lim, Seong-Rin,Lee, Dae Sung Elsevier BV 2019 Science of the Total Environment Vol.688 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Anode potential is a critical factor in the biodegradation of organics in bioelectrochemical systems (BESs), but research on these systems with complex recalcitrant co-substrates at set anode potentials is scarce. In this study, carbamazepine (CBZ) biodegradation in a BES was examined over a wide range of set anode potentials (−200 to +600 mV vs Ag/AgCl). Current generation and current densities were improved with the increase in positive anode potentials. However, at a negative potential (−200 mV), current generation was higher as compared to that for +000 and +200 mV. The highest CBZ degradation (84%) and TOC removal efficiency (70%) were achieved at +400 mV. At +600 mV, a decrease in CBZ degradation was observed, which can be attributed to a low number of active bacteria and a poor ability to adapt to high voltage. This study signified that BESs operated at optimum anode potentials could be used for enhancing the biodegradation of complex and recalcitrant contaminants in the environment.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> LSV analysis showed anode potential enhanced the microbial colonization in BES. </LI> <LI> High potential favored BES, but after +400 mV, BES performance declined. </LI> <LI> CBZ biodegradation and TOC removal were enhanced in BES aided by anodic potential. </LI> <LI> Microbes with high tendency to degrade CBZ were enriched by a controlled potential. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Effectiveness of Mavrilimumab in Viral Infections Including SARS-CoV-2 Infection - A Brief Review
Bhatt Kinal,Garimella Radhika,Taugir Rahima,Mehta Isha,Jamal Muhammad,Vijayan Rupalakshmi,Offor Rita,Nwankwo Kanayo,Arif Uroosa,Waheed Khurram,Kumari Priyanka,Lathiya Maulik,Michel George,Pandya Naush 대한감염학회 2021 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.53 No.1
Hyperinflammation and cytokine storm has been noted as a poor prognostic factor in patients with severe pneumonia related to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In COVID-19, pathogenic myeloid cell overactivation is found to be a vital mediator of damage to tissues, hypercoagulability, and the cytokine storm. These cytokines unselectively infiltrate various tissues, such as the lungs and heart, and nervous system. This cytokine storm can hence cause multi-organ dysfunction and life-threatening complications. Mavrilimumab is a monoclonal antibody (mAb) that may be helpful in some cases with COVID-19. During an inflammation, Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) release is crucial to driving both innate and adaptive immune responses. The GM-CSF immune response is triggered when an antigen attaches to the host cell and induces the signaling pathway. Mavrilimumab antagonizes the action of GM-CSF and decreases the hyperinflammation associated with pneumonia in COVID-19, therefore strengthening the rationale that mavrilimumab when added to the standard protocol of treatment could improve the clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients, specifically those patients with pneumonia. With this review paper, we aim to demonstrate the inhibitory effect of mavrilimumab on cytokine storms in patients with COVID-19 by reviewing published clinical trials and emphasize the importance of extensive future trials.