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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Van Poucke, R. (검색결과 3 건)
- 무료
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Van Poucke, R.,Allaert, S.,Ok, Y.S.,Pala, M.,Ronsse, F.,Tack, F.M.G.,Meers, E. Academic Press 2019 Journal of Environmental Management Vol. No.
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Three feedstocks, pine wood, grass and cow manure, were pyrolyzed under various conditions and tested on their ability to sorb metals in aquatic systems. The feedstocks were pyrolyzed at 2 different temperatures (350 °C and 550 °C) and 2 different residence times (10 and 60 min) and resulting biochars were assessed on their capability to immobilize Pb, Cu, Cd and Zn.</P> <P>Manure-based chars, and to a lesser extent grass-based chars, featured high concentrations of phosphates and carbonates. These anions play an important role in metal sorption because they form insoluble complexes with the metals. Washing reduced the concentration of these anions, leading to a reduced sorption of metals by the biochar.</P> <P>The carbonate concentration on the biochars’ surface increased at higher reactor temperature and longer residence times. The opposite trend was observed for the phosphate concentration and the cation exchange capacity. Accordingly, the optimal temperature-residence time combination for sorption was a trade-off between these properties. Biochar produced from cow manure and pyrolyzed at 550 °C for 10 min showed the best sorption for all metals considered.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Manure-based biochar showed the highest sorption for all metals tested. </LI> <LI> Manure-based chars featured the highest concentrations of phosphates and carbonates. </LI> <LI> Washing reduced the concentration of these anions and reduced adsorption of metals. </LI> <LI> Anions are of practical importance to optimize biochar as a metal adsorbent. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Chemical stabilization of Cd-contaminated soil using biochar
Van Poucke, R.,Ainsworth, J.,Maeseele, M.,Ok, Y.S.,Meers, E.,Tack, F.M.G. Elsevier 2018 Applied geochemistry Vol.88 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Metal smelter activities have contaminated approximately 700 km<SUP>2</SUP> of the Campine region in Belgium and The Netherlands. This work aimed to assess the effectiveness of biochar added to this soil using compost, peat or lime as a reference. Amendments were mixed with the contaminated soil at a 2 or 4% ratio (w:w) and equilibrated for up to 44 weeks. Treatment with biochar released significantly lower concentrations of Cd in the soil solution than compost or peat. In comparison to the blanks, soil solution concentrations of Cd were reduced 67% on average for the 4% biochar treatment and increased 30% and 231% for the 4% compost and 4% peat treatments, respectively. The lime treatment was equally effective as the biochar in reducing Cd concentrations. Similar trends were observed when conducting consecutive CaCl<SUB>2</SUB> extractions. However, pH-stat leaching tests showed biochar and the other organic amendments to be more effective than lime in retaining Cd from the solution. The combined effect of pH and metal complexation capacity of added biochar resulted in an effective reduction in soluble Cd concentrations that lasted longer than when lime, compost or peat are used.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Biochar and lime increased soil pH the most and reduced the Cd availability. </LI> <LI> After soil acidification events, organic amendments reduced the available Cd. </LI> <LI> Biochar combines the pH effect of lime with a high sorption capacity. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Egene, C.E.,Van Poucke, R.,Ok, Y.S.,Meers, E.,Tack, F.M.G. Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.626 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To determine the long-term impact of organic amendments on metal (Cd and Zn) immobilization, soil from the Campine region was amended with holm oak-derived biochar, compost, and peat, and monitored over a 3-year period. Pot experiments were conducted by mixing the amendments independently at 2% and 4% (g/g) with the soil. The mobility and solubility of metals in the treatments were assessed by means of rhizon soil moisture samplers, sequential BCR extractions, and diffusive gradient in thin films (DGT).</P> <P>Over the three-year period, the 2% biochar addition resulted in an average decrease in pore water concentration of 40% for Cd and 48% for Zn whereas the 4% addition led to an average decrease of 66% for Cd and 77% for Zn. The immobilization effect in the biochar treatments was attributed to the consistently higher pH and lower concentrations of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in the soil. The latter may have been caused by sorption of DOC onto the surface of biochar thereby increasing its negatively charged functional groups that are able to sorb cations. On the other hand, compost and peat had the unwanted effect of significantly increasing the concentrations of Cd and Zn in the soil pore water. This was partly due to the formation of soluble organo-metallic complexes as significantly higher DOC concentrations were found in the compost and peat treatments.</P> <P>Results from the DGT measurements, after a 24 h deployment time, revealed a low resupply (R ≤ 0.4) of Cd and Zn from the solid phase to the soil solution in both amended and unamended soil. This suggests a case of slow metal desorption kinetics in the soil that was relatively unchanged by the presence of organic amendments.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Biochar significantly immobilized soil Cd and Zn over a 3-year period. </LI> <LI> Compost and peat increased available Cd and Zn in soil. </LI> <LI> Metal immobilization was attributed to the consistently higher pH and lower DOC concentrations in the biochar treatments. </LI> <LI> DGT measurements were used to assess the short-term metal resupply kinetics. </LI> <LI> The resupply of Cd and Zn from the solid phase to the soil solution was low (R ≤ 0.4) in all treatments. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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