http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
( Uwe Braun ),( Michael Bradshaw ),( Ting-ting Zhao ),( Sung-eun Cho ),( Hyeon-dong Shin ) 한국균학회 2018 Mycobiology Vol.46 No.3
The name Golovinomyces cynoglossi s. lat. is traditionally applied to a complex of morphologically similar powdery mildews on hosts of the plant family Boraginaceae. The current species-level taxonomy within this complex is ambiguous due to the lack of phylogenetic examinations. The present study applied phylogenetic methods to clarify the taxonomy of G. cynoglossi s. lat. Phylogenetic analysis of rDNA ITS sequences retrieved from Asian, European and North American specimens revealed that G. cynoglossi s. lat. collections from different hosts involved several species in five clearly separated lineages. Clade I consists primarily of Golovinomyces cynoglossi s. str. on Cynoglossum. Clade III consists of Golovinomyces sequences retrieved from the host genera Symphytum and Pulmonaria. The taxa within clade III are now assigned to G. asperifoliorum comb. nov. Clade V encompasses G. cynoglossi s. lat. on the host genera Bothriospermum, Buglossoides, Echium, Myosotis, and Trigonotis. The taxa within clade V are now assigned to G. asperifolii comb. nov. The species concerned in this study were lecto- and epitypified to stabilize their nomenclature.
Intrinsic measurement errors for the speed of light in vacuum
Braun, Daniel,Schneiter, Fabienne,Fischer, Uwe R Institute of Physics 2017 Classical and quantum gravity Vol.34 No.17
<P>The speed of light in vacuum, one of the most important and precisely measured natural constants, is fixed by convention to <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='$c=299\, 792\, 458$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/34/17/175009/cqgaa8058ieqn001.gif'/> m <img ALIGN='MIDDLE' ALT='${\rm s}^{-1}$ ' SRC='http://ej.iop.org/images/0264-9381/34/17/175009/cqgaa8058ieqn002.gif'/>. Advanced theories predict possible deviations from this universal value, or even quantum fluctuations of <I>c</I>. Combining arguments from quantum parameter estimation theory and classical general relativity, we here establish rigorously the existence of lower bounds on the uncertainty to which the speed of light in vacuum can be determined in a given region of space-time, subject to several reasonable restrictions. They provide a novel perspective on the experimental falsifiability of predictions for the quantum fluctuations of space-time.</P>