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SONEHARA Satoshi,UMEDA Chihiro,Christopher MAYO,SERIGUCHI Mayuko,H?ZAWA Naohide 동국대학교 불교문화연구원 2020 International Journal of Buddhist Thought & Cultur Vol.30 No.1
Representative scholarship on early modern Japan has viewed most religious organizations as submitting to the authority of the military government, which treated them as tools of the Tokugawa regime’s ideologically-based rule. However, in recent years, empirical research in many areas has begun to overturn this perception, and it has become clear that unexpected religious transformations were occurring independent of state ideologies. This essay highlights ways in which religion functioned as a force for cohesion in society ––not as a tool monopolized by the powerful elite, but rather as an institution that was influenced by people from various strata in society. The primary aim of this research is to reexamine relationships among the state, religious organizations, and communities in the context of national integration, in order to bring to the fore particular examples of how these relationships were changing. Secondarily, in addition to deepening our understanding of existing lines of inquiry, the five authors attempt to stake out some new directions in scholarship, particularly in deepening our understanding of how a multiplicity of voices required negotiations and adjustments to make the system fit reality in some of the major institutions that we associate with Japan’s early modernity.