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- 저자 : Takashi NASU (검색결과 2 건)
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Hirokazu Saito,Yoshihiro Kadono,Takashi Shono,Kentaro Kamikawa,Atsushi Urata,Jiro Nasu,Haruo Imamura,Ikuo Matsushita,Tatsuyuki Kakuma,Shuji Tada 대한소화기내시경학회 2022 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.55 No.2
Background/Aims: Difficult biliary cannulation is an important risk factor for post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP). Therefore, this study aimed to identify the factors that predict difficult cannulation for common bile ductstones (CBDS) to reduce the risk for PEP. Methods: This multicenter retrospective study included 1,406 consecutive patients with native papillae who underwent ERCP forCBDS. Factors predicting difficult cannulation for CBDS were identified using univariate and multivariate analyses. Results: Univariate analysis showed that six factors significantly predicted difficult cannulation: ERCP performed by non-expertendoscopists, low-volume center, absence of acute cholangitis, normal serum bilirubin, intradiverticular papilla, and type of majorduodenal papilla. Multivariate analysis identified ERCP performed by non-expert endoscopists (odds ratio [OR], 2.5; p<0.001),low-volume center (OR, 1.6; p<0.001), intradiverticular papilla (OR, 1.3; p=0.007), normal serum bilirubin (OR, 1.3; p=0.038), andabsence of acute cholangitis (OR, 1.3; p=0.049) as factors significantly predicting difficult cannulation for CBDS. Conclusions: Initial cannulation by an experienced endoscopist, early rescue cannulation, or early takeover by an experiencedendoscopist should be considered when performing ERCP for CBDS in the presence of factors predicting difficult cannulation.
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Turbulent Combustion Properties of Outwardly Propagating Flames
Kimitoshi TANOUE,Fumio SHIMADA,Takashi NASU,Takayuki KAWASHIMA,Toshiro HAMATAKE 한국자동차공학회 2001 한국자동차공학회 Symposium Vol.- No.-
In engine combustion. turbulence generated by flow field motion such as swirl and flimbic, in the cylinder affects the propagating flame initiated by spark plug. resulting in the enhancement or the mass consumption rate or reactants as compared with the corresponding laminar flames. This in turn increases the heat release rate and thus power available from an engine of a given size. In this context the modeling and prediction or turbulent flame properties are or importance from the application point or view. In the present work, turbulent burning velocities or outwardly propagating premixed flames for methane and propane, which are representative of lighter or heavier hydrocarbon respectively, are investigated under the framework or flamelet concept which is based on the assumption that a chemical reaction occurs in thin layers that arc convected and distorted by the turbulent now field. In flamelet concept, the flame-flow interaction can be described in terms of total flame front surface and local flame structure. The local flame properties defined by the displacement speed and reaction rate depend on local hydrodynamic strain rate and curvature effects. Furthermore, the name response to flow divergence and curvature depends strongly on the Lewis number, characterized by the ratio of molecular diffusivity to thermal diffusivity. For non-unity Lewis numbers, differential diffusion of heat and species results in a certain sensitivity of the local flame structure to strain rate and curvature. Although this thermo-diffusive mechanism is well known for laminar names or for low stretched flames, recent studies have showed that it influences the local and global name structure of turbulent premixed combustion with high stretch. The primary objective of the present paper is to study experimentally the turbulent burning velocity and derive the fundamental equations in consideration of interaction between averaged name stretch and Lewis numbers<br/> <br/>
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