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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Sumamal, W. (검색결과 4 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
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Ruminal Degradation of Sugarcane Stalk
Kawashima, T.,Sumamal, W.,Pholsen, P.,Chaithiang, R.,Hayashi, Y. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2003 Animal Bioscience Vol.16 No.9
The number of protozoa and VFA content in the rumen fluid, in situ disappearance and turnover rate were examined with four rumen-fistulated cattle given either sugarcane stalk or Ruzi grass hay in order to clarify the manner of rumen digestion of sugarcane stalk. Cattle were given either sugarcane stalk or Ruzi grass hay at 1.0% of body weight level with commercial concentrate feed. Feeding sugarcane stalk reduced acetate content and increased propionate and butyrate contents in rumen fluid. While rapidlysoluble fraction of sugarcane stalk was 42%, the insoluble but potentially degradable fraction was only 17%. This clearly showed that sugarcane stalk mainly consisted of water soluble fraction (i.e. sugar) and tough fiber (i.e. bagasse). The ruminal degradation rate of both Ruzi grass hay and sugarcane stalk was lower in the animal given sugarcane stalk in comparison with those given Ruzi grass hay. While the turnover rate of liquid phase was about 50% higher in the animals given sugarcane stalk than in the animals given Ruzi grass hay, that of the solid phase was about 40% lower in the animals given sugarcane stalk. The effective degradability of DM of sugarcane stalk was higher than that of Ruzi grass hay. Sugarcane would be a promising roughage for ruminants in the tropics especially, in the dry season.
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Feeding Value of Sugarcane Stalk for Cattle
Kawashima, T.,Sumamal, W.,Pholsen, P.,Chaithiang, R.,Boonpakdee, W.,Kurihara, M.,Shibata, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.1
A metabolism trial with four castrated male Brahman cattle, average body weight 320 kg, was conducted in order to determine the nutritive value of chopped sugarcane stalk (CSS) for the establishment of feeding strategy in the dry season in Northeast Thailand. Animals were subjected to the following four dietary treatments: Treatment 1; 100% of CSS, Treatment 2; 70% of CSS and 30% of commercial complete feed (TMR), Treatment 3; 40% of CSS and 60% of TMR, and Treatment 4; 100% of TMR. The average CP, ether extracts, nitrogen free extracts, crude fiber and ash contents of CSS were 2.0, 0.9, 79.0, 16.1 and 2.2%, respectively. Although the amount of feed given was approximately at maintenance level, animals in treatments 1 and 2 refused a part of feed. The metabolism trial revealed that total digestible nutrient and metabolizable energy contents of CSS were 61.5% and 9.04 MJ/kgDM, respectively, when it was properly supplemented with protein sources. Nutritive value of CSS was lowered when animals were given CSS solely. This was due to the large loss of energy into urine and methane. Voluntary intake of CSS in cattle was not enough to satisfy energy requirement for maintenance. The CSS can be used as a roughage for feeding cattle in the dry season with proper supplementation of protein and energy.
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The Use of Sugarcane Stalk for Feeding Lactating Cows
Kawashima, T.,Sumamal, W.,Pholsen, P.,Chaithiang, R.,Boonpakdee, W. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2002 Animal Bioscience Vol.15 No.2
The use of chopped sugarcane stalk (CSS) as a roughage for lactating cows was examined using four Holstein crossbred cows in a private dairy farm in Khon Kaen, Thailand, in comparison with rice straw (RS), which is the conventional roughage in the dry season in the region. Cows were subjected to the following two dietary treatments: Diet 1) RS with commercial concentrate feed, and Diet 2) CSS and RS with commercial concentrate feed. The diet was switched over every 3 weeks. The amount of concentrate was determined by the experience of the owner of the cows. RS and CSS were given ad libitum. There was no difference in milk production between two groups, although the total DMI was less in cows fed CSS. Solid-not-fat (SNF) content in milk was significantly higher in the cows given CSS. The NEFA content was significantly lower in the animals given CSS, which suggested that cows given only RS as roughage would be suffering from energy malnutrition. Therefore, it was considered that CSS feeding improved energy supply, which resulted in higher SNF in milk. In the nutritional point of view, the present study clearly showed CSS can be used as a roughage for dairy cows in the dry season.
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Influence of anchors on transient cavitating flow in pipes
Rappakkaran Cherian Miji,Neelakantan Sajikumar,Kottekat Surendran Sumam 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.2
The influence of anchors on transient cavitating flow was not dealt with in detail, though there are limited studies on the effect of support on water hammer. This paper presents an experimental investigation into the influence of spacing of fixed anchors on the cavitation pressure generated in transient cavitating flows. The change in the fluid characteristics was studied along with the change in vibration of piping system. The study reveals that the occurrence of cavitation and resulting cavitation pressure are extremely influenced by the spacing of fixed anchors. As the spacing of fixed anchors is reduced; the cavitation pressure during a transient cavitating event increases severely without any change in other flow conditions while the acceleration induced on the pipe gets decreased drastically. Hence, the spacing of anchors in any piping system should be decided by balancing the lateral acceleration of the piping system and the pressure rise due to cavitation.
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