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- 저자 : Subramaniam Nagarajan, Ganapathi (검색결과 3 건)
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Film Diffusion Mechanism of Methyl Parathion in Biopolymers: Kinetics and Thermodynamic Equilibrium
Sadasivam, Senthilkumaar,Kandasamy, Krishna S.,Ponnusamy, Kalaamani,Subramaniam Nagarajan, Ganapathi,Kang, Tae Won American Chemical Society 2011 Journal of chemical and engineering data Vol.56 No.11
<P>Sulfuric acid treated biopolymers (STB) were prepared from a lignocellulosic-based agricultural byproduct. The STB has been used as an effective adsorbent in a batch experiment for the removal of methyl parathion (MP) from aqueous solution. The as-prepared STB has been characterized by using surface area analyzer, scanning electron microscope (SEM), elemental analyzer, and proximate analysis methods. A batch adsorption study was carried out to investigate the adsorption equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamics as a function of agitation time, initial concentration of MP, initial pH, temperature, and carbon dose. Adsorption data were used to perform the kinetic models. The adsorption data was found to obey the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Thermodynamic parameters of the adsorption process Δ<I>G</I>, Δ<I>S</I>, and Δ<I>H</I> were calculated, and their negative values indicate the feasible exothermic and spontaneous nature of the process. The diffusion of the MP molecule onto the biopolymer was confirmed by using the Weber–Morris equation. Reichenberg's equation shows the film diffusion of MP.</P>
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Ragupathi, Veena,Anbu Dinesh, J.,Panigrahi, Puspamitra,Raman, Sudarkodi,Lee, Juwon,Nagarajan, Ganapathi Subramaniam Pergamon Press 2018 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.43 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>LiMn<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.5</SUB>BO<SUB>3</SUB> solid solution is synthesized by Sol-gel method. The crystal structure, morphology and the electrochemical properties of the LiMn<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.5</SUB>BO<SUB>3</SUB> solid solution are analyzed. X-ray diffraction analysis result reveals the existence of monoclinic phase with <I>C</I>2/<I>c</I> space group. Raman spectroscopy result indicates the presence of Co-O and Mn-O stretching vibration. X–ray Photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the surface oxidation of Mn in the LiMn<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.5</SUB>BO<SUB>3</SUB> solid solution. Transmission electron microscopy image shows the elongated spherical shaped particle with diameter of 40 nm. Galvanostatic charge – discharge studies indicate that the LiMn<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.5</SUB>BO<SUB>3</SUB> solid solution delivers the first discharge capacity of 110 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at C/10 rate with good stability and yield 68 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at 75th cycle. The enhanced electrochemical properties demonstrated in this study will give more attention to borate based cathode material as a potential alternative to current lithium-ion battery cathodes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> LiMn<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.5</SUB>BO<SUB>3</SUB> solid solution is synthesized by sol gel technique. </LI> <LI> A high first discharge capacity of 110 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> is achieved for LiMn<SUB>0.5</SUB>Co<SUB>0.5</SUB>BO<SUB>3</SUB>. </LI> <LI> The first discharge capacity is at least 10 folds higher than previous reports. </LI> <LI> Co doping and Li rich stoichiometry has improved the electrochemical performance. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Ragupathi, Veena,Krishnaswamy, Srimathi,Raman, Sudarkodi,Panigrahi, Puspamitra,Lee, Juwon,Nagarajan, Ganapathi Subramaniam Elsevier 2018 APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE - Vol.449 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Spherical shape, nano-LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB> is synthesized by sol-gel technique. X-ray diffraction results confirm the presence of monoclinic phase with C2/c space group. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy images depict the existence of the spherical shaped particle with an aggregate diameter range of 5–20 nm. Raman measurement indicates the presence of CoO vibrations in CoO<SUB>5</SUB> polyhedra. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirms the oxidation state of the elements present in the LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB> material. Galvanostatic charge–discharge studies indicate that the sol-gel derived nano-LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB> delivers the first charging capacity of 160 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> and retaining a discharge capacity of 98 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> at the end of 52nd cycle. Formation of spherical shape nanoparticle facilitates electron movement and improves lithium diffusion kinetics, leads to improved electrochemical performance of LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB> cathode material. An electrochemical study clearly indicates that the sol-gel derived nano-LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB> has better capacity and cyclic performance compared to previous reports in LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Nano-LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB> material is synthesised by sol gel technique. </LI> <LI> A high first discharge capacity of 96 mAh g<SUP>−1</SUP> is achieved for LiCoBO<SUB>3</SUB>. </LI> <LI> The first discharge capacity is at least 2 folds higher than previous reports. </LI> <LI> Improved electrochemical performance could be due to Nano-sizing. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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