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Maximum Scour Depth at Piers in Armor-Beds
Rajkumar V. Raikar,Subhasish Dey 대한토목학회 2009 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.13 No.2
The paper presents a design method to determine the maximum equilibrium scour depth at piers embedded in a sand-bed overlain by a thin armor-layer of gravels using the experimental data of Dey and Raikar and those of Ettema. The proposed equation is in terms of empirical relationships, termed K-factors, which account for the effects of flow depth, pier shape, flow intensity, bed sediment size and armor gravel size on scour depth for individual cases of scour holes as identified by Dey and Raikar. These Kfactors are determined by fitting envelope curves to the experimental data. The estimated largest possible scour depths that can occur at circular and square piers with an armor-layer are 3.15 and 3.47 times the pier width, respectively. The paper presents a design method to determine the maximum equilibrium scour depth at piers embedded in a sand-bed overlain by a thin armor-layer of gravels using the experimental data of Dey and Raikar and those of Ettema. The proposed equation is in terms of empirical relationships, termed K-factors, which account for the effects of flow depth, pier shape, flow intensity, bed sediment size and armor gravel size on scour depth for individual cases of scour holes as identified by Dey and Raikar. These Kfactors are determined by fitting envelope curves to the experimental data. The estimated largest possible scour depths that can occur at circular and square piers with an armor-layer are 3.15 and 3.47 times the pier width, respectively.
Sediment Threshold under Stream Flow: A State-of-the-Art Review
Subhasish Dey,Athanasios Papanicolaou 대한토목학회 2008 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.12 No.1
The doctoral research of Albert Frank Shields on sediment movement conducted in Technischen Hochshcule Berlin becomes alegend that is most often referred by many authors and has initiated a sizable number of researches over last seven decades. TheShields diagram is famous due to its application in ascertaining the threshold of sediment motion that is an essential prerequisite forthe estimation of sediment transport in an alluvial stream. Since his pioneering work, numerous attempts have so far been made tolly. This paper presents a comprehensive state-of-the-art review ofthe important laboratory experimental and theoretical investigations on sediment threshold under steady stream flow highlighting theempirical concepts, hydrodynamic background and the mathematical treatment of the problem. The role of the turbulent bursting onsediment threshold is also discussed.