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Optimistic Fault Diagnosis in Discrete Event Systems by Labeled Petri Nets and Basis Markings
Guanghui Zhu,Jiafeng Zhang,Zhong Zheng,Shan Luan,Te Chen,Qiang Ma,Zhiwu Li 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.6
This paper deals with the fault diagnosis problem of discrete event systems modeled with labeled Petri nets. Its main contributions are threefold. First, depending on whether a diagnosis function examines the fault transitions that possibly occur after the last observed event, we formally divide the diagnosis functions into two types: optimistic and pessimistic, which aims to facilitate the exploration of different diagnosis approaches. Second, a framework is proposed, which extends a given diagnosis approach for Petri nets to the case of labeled Petri nets. The main idea of the framework is to compute and combine the diagnosis results of observable transition sequences corresponding to an observed word. Third, we convert a basis-marking-based approach that is originally pessimistic to the optimistic case and prove the correctness of this conversion.
Ji-Chang Zhou,Yu-Mei Zhu,Zheng Chen,Shan He,Shi-jie Zheng,Jun-luan Mo,Xiao-Li Liu,Chun-mei Gong,Bin Hou,Hui Yang 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.5
Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), rs2280788 (-28C[G) and rs2107538 (-403G[A), in the promoter region of chemokine (C–C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) was reported to be involved in the immunoglobulin E (IgE) expression and IgE-mediated allergic reactions. This study was to investigate the characteristics of total serum IgE level, specific allergen sensitivities and the two SNPs in the allergic skin disease (ASD) patients. ASD patients visiting the dermatological outpatient department of a local hospital were included with certain criteria, and the fasting venous blood was sampled for analysis. Total serum IgE was assayed with an ELISA kit, and 14 kinds of allergen-specific IgE were tested with an allergen screening system. The polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism method was used to analyze the two SNPs. Among the finally included 437 patients aged from 16 to 85 years, 68.2 % was positive for the total serum IgE, 49.2 % was positive for at least one of the assayed allergen-specific IgE, and 35.0 % was sensitive to house dust mite. In the SNPs analysis, the GG/(GA?AA) ratio and G/A ratio for the -403G[A locus in the male and/or female C45 years subgroup were significantly lower in the total serum IgE positive patients than in the negative patients (P\0.05). Weak linkage disequilibrium was found between -403A and -28C alleles in male subgroups adjusted by age. Conclusively, house dust mite was the most common allergen in ASD patients, and -403A allele of CCL5 promoter was a risk factor for IgE-mediated sensitization.