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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Schoemaker, Minouk J (검색결과 2 건)
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Johnson, Nichola,Dudbridge, Frank,Orr, Nick,Gibson, Lorna,Jones, Michael E,Schoemaker, Minouk J,Folkerd, Elizabeth J,Haynes, Ben P,Hopper, John L,Southey, Melissa C,Dite, Gillian S,Apicella, Carmel,Sc BioMed Central 2014 Breast cancer research Vol.16 No.3
<P><B>Introduction</B></P><P>We have previously shown that a tag single nucleotide polymorphism (rs10235235), which maps to the <I>CYP3A</I> locus (7q22.1), was associated with a reduction in premenopausal urinary estrone glucuronide levels and a modest reduction in risk of breast cancer in women age ≤50 years.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We further investigated the association of rs10235235 with breast cancer risk in a large case control study of 47,346 cases and 47,570 controls from 52 studies participating in the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Genotyping of rs10235235 was conducted using a custom Illumina Infinium array. Stratified analyses were conducted to determine whether this association was modified by age at diagnosis, ethnicity, age at menarche or tumor characteristics.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>We confirmed the association of rs10235235 with breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry but found no evidence that this association differed with age at diagnosis. Heterozygote and homozygote odds ratios (ORs) were OR = 0.98 (95% CI 0.94, 1.01; <I>P</I> = 0.2) and OR = 0.80 (95% CI 0.69, 0.93; <I>P</I> = 0.004), respectively (<I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB> = 0.02). There was no evidence of effect modification by tumor characteristics. rs10235235 was, however, associated with age at menarche in controls (<I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB> = 0.005) but not cases (<I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB> = 0.97). Consequently the association between rs10235235 and breast cancer risk differed according to age at menarche (<I>P</I><SUB>het</SUB> = 0.02); the rare allele of rs10235235 was associated with a reduction in breast cancer risk for women who had their menarche age ≥15 years (OR<SUB>het</SUB> = 0.84, 95% CI 0.75, 0.94; OR<SUB>hom</SUB> = 0.81, 95% CI 0.51, 1.30; <I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB> = 0.002) but not for those who had their menarche age ≤11 years (OR<SUB>het</SUB> = 1.06, 95% CI 0.95, 1.19, OR<SUB>hom</SUB> = 1.07, 95% CI 0.67, 1.72; <I>P</I><SUB>trend</SUB> = 0.29).</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>To our knowledge rs10235235 is the first single nucleotide polymorphism to be associated with both breast cancer risk and age at menarche consistent with the well-documented association between later age at menarche and a reduction in breast cancer risk. These associations are likely mediated via an effect on circulating hormone levels.</P>
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The impact of air contaminants on humidifier membrane performance
Daniel Ilk,Viktoria Frick,Christopher Hänel,Thomas Schiestel,Michael Schoemaker,Holger Kraus,Harry E. Hoster 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-
Membrane humidifiers are often used to increase the performance and lifetime of polymer electrolytemembrane fuel cells (PEMFC). In order to avoid possible problems and consequential costs in later fuelcell applications due to the degradation of humidifier membranes, in this work five industrial humidifiermembranes (hollow fiber and flat sheet membranes in various material combinations) are tested againstfive pollutant gases from the environment (NO, NO2, NH3, SO2, O3). Herefor the water transfer capabilitiesbefore and after exposure to the pollutant gases is quantified. The results show that polyimides and fluoropolymersare degraded by ozone so that mechanical stability drastically decreases, so that they disintegrate. When polysulfone membranes are tested with pollutants a clear decline in water transfer can beseen over time. The decline of water transfer does not always seem to be due to the presence of harmfulgases but could also reflect physical degradation of the polymer. Perfluorinated sulfonic acid-based(PFSA) membranes are particularly sensitive to ammonia.
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