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Daniel Gould,Sarah Carson 한국코칭능력개발원 2011 International Journal of Coaching Science Vol.5 No.2
The link between young athletes’ perceptions of their coaches’ behaviors and their own developmental experiences (e.g., opportunities to practice and cultivate personal assets such as leadership, emotion regulation, problem solving, interpersonal skills, etc.) were examined, as well as gender and sport type differences in the reported experiences. Participants were 297 male (41%) and female (59%) junior high and high school student-athletes. All participants completed the Youth Experiences Scale-2 (a measure of positive and negative development experiences), the Coaching Behavior Scale for Sport (a measure of various coaching actions such as mental preparation, positive personal rapport, etc.) and a compilation of items that assessed specific coaching actions targeting the development of life skills (e.g., the degree a coach talked about transferring what is learned in sport to one’s life) for athletes’ primary sport. Linear regression results indicated that several coaching behaviors (e.g., negative rapport and coaching life skills) were significant predictors of the positive and negative developmental experiences assessed. Additionally, a canonical correlation revealed two significant functions, which indicated relationships between perceived coaching behaviors (e.g., positive and negative coaching rapport, helping athletes to develop competition strategies, and coaching life skills behaviors) and athletes’ perceived developmental sport experiences (e.g., identity development, initiative, teamwork and social skills). Finally, gender and sport type differences in athletes’ reported developmental experiences were examined, with significant differences detected between males and females as well as individual and team sport participants and athletes participating in contact, collision and non-/limited-contact sports. Results support previous research by Gould and Carson (2010) and Larsen, Hansen, and Moneta (2006), with the roles of initiative-building as a sport related life skill experience and coach-athlete relationships as key developmental facilitators being emphasized.
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