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- 저자 : Sandra M. Sacco (검색결과 2 건)
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Sandra M. Sacco,Lilian U. Thompson,Bernhard Ganss,Wendy E. Ward, M. 한국식품영양과학회 2011 Journal of medicinal food Vol.14 No.10
Flaxseed, rich in the phytoestrogen lignan secoisolariciresinol diglycoside (SDG), provides protection against bone loss at the lumbar vertebrae primarily when combined with low-dose estrogen therapy in the ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis. Whether SDG metabolites are accessible to skeletal tissue, and thus have the potential to interact with low-dose estrogen therapy to exert direct local action on bone metabolism, is unknown. The objective of this study was to determine whether metabolites of SDG are accessible to the skeleton of ovariectomized rats and to compare the distribution of SDG metabolites in skeletal tissue with that in other tissues. Rats were fed a 10% flaxseed diet and gavaged daily with tritium-labeled SDG (7.4 kBq/g of body weight) in deionized water (500 μL) (n=3) or deionized water alone (n=3) for 7 days, after which tissues were collected for liquid scintillation counting. Radioactivity was detected in similar concentrations in the lumbar vertebrae, femurs, and tibias. Compared with non-skeletal tissues, total radioactivity in the skeleton was significantly lower than in the liver, heart, kidney, thymus, and brain (P<.001). There were no significant differences in levels of radioactivity between skeletal tissue versus the spleen, lung, bladder, uterus, vagina, and mammary gland. In conclusion, SDG metabolites are accessible to skeletal tissue of ovariectomized rats. Thus, it is biologically plausible that SDG metabolites may play a direct role in the protective effects of flaxseed combined with low-dose estrogen therapy against the loss of bone mass and bone strength in the ovariectomized rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
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Sandra M. Sacco,Jessica M.Y. Jiang,Lilian U. Thompson,Wendy E. Ward, M.Sc 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.9
Flaxseed (FS) is an oilseed rich in phytoestrogens and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, compounds that may attenuate bone loss during aging. We previously demonstrated using the ovariectomized (OVX) rat model of postmenopausal osteoporosis that 10% dietary FS combined with low-dose estrogen therapy (LD) preserves vertebral bone mass and strength more so than either treatment alone. However, it was prudent to also consider the effect of this intervention on uterine tissue as LD, and possibly FS, may have estrogenic, and thus negative, effects on uterine tissue. The present study investigated if FS enhances the estrogenic effect of LD on markers of uterine health in OVX rats. Three-month-old rats were randomized to groups: (1) SHAM, (2) OVX, (3) OVX+FS, (4) OVX+LD, or (5) OVX+FS+LD. Ground FS was added to the AIN-93M diet (100 g/kg of diet), and LD was delivered by subcutaneous implant (0.42 μg of 17β-estradiol/kg of body weight/day) to mimic LD in postmenopausal women. After 12 weeks, histological analyses of uterine tissue demonstrated flattened or cuboidal luminal epithelia organized in a single layer in the OVX group, while FS, LD, and FS+LD induced a single layer of elongated luminal epithelia, columnar in shape. The SHAM group had the greatest epithelial mass. Cell proliferation was similar among all OVX groups. Therefore FS and FS+LD similarly induce estrogen-like effects on the morphology of luminal epithelia that are weaker than in the SHAM group without inducing cell proliferation in OVX rats. Thus, FS does not enhance the estrogenic effect of LD on markers of uterine health in OVX rats.
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