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Sadao Horino,Midori Mori,Naoyuki Kubota,Shunsuke Gennai,Kazutaka Kogi 대한인간공학회 2007 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
Conditions relating to universal design of the historic tourist areas around the JR Kita-Kamakura Station were studied in order to develop a barrier-free road map for wheelchair visitors. On the average, about 18,000 passengers were utilizing the station per day. Access conditions of the station facilities including means of using the platforms and toilets were examined in cooperation with wheelchair passengers. Access conditions of shops along a 1.8 km-long main streets leading to the station were examined in terms of road-floor height differences, and entrance and aisle widths, road signs and toilets. For the station, the need was suggested for providing a lift for reaching the platform and a multi-purpose toilet. Of 70 shops along the street, only 23% had the road-floor height difference of 2cm or less, 31% that of 3-6cm and 46% that of 7cm or more. The entrance width of 90cm or more was cleared by 41% and the aisle width of 90cm or more by 44% of the shops. Thus, 36% of the shops were evaluated to be accessible for wheelchair users. There were few multi-purpose toilets available along the street and an insufficient number of road signs for tourist routes. It was suggested that the rate of wheelchair-accessible shops would increase substantially by eliminating road-floor differences and that there was an urgent need for improving the accessibility for wheelchair visitors in terms of the station facilities, road signs and toilets. On the basis of these results, a road map describing barrier-free conditions for wheelchair visitors was designed and published. It was found useful together with barrier-free maps previously offered for other tourist routes of the city.
Mori Mori,Sadao Horino,Yuji Inomata,Hiroki Sasayama,Yuko Hirota 대한인간공학회 2007 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
In Japan, Quarter-million crossing collisions at intersections accounted for one-fourth of the total accidents in 2005. Three-fourths of collisions took place at urban intersections, more than half of them occurred at uncontrolled intersections. Risks of crossing collisions depend on the quality of visual environment at intersection. This study aimed to assess the legibility and effectiveness of 23 traffic convex mirrors installed at 10 urban intersections, after the road management authority inspected and repaired. The legibility of mirror was assessed by means of the photographs of each mirror taken from the drivers’ viewpoint at a legal stop line, entering from the lower priority direction. “Three ergonomics requirements” suggested by the authors were used as the criteria of legibility assessment; (1) Position of road lane, (2) Blind area and (3) Road surface markings. Combining these 3 criteria, the comprehensive assessment of mirror was indicated in 2-grade scale, such as “Good” or “Poor”, namely so dangerous to be improved. A field assessment revealed that 11 among 23 mirrors were still improperly installed. However, simulation analysis showed that 7 among 11 poor mirrors could be improved by adjusting the angle of mirror plate or displacing mirror plate/poles. In conclusion, the present official guideline in regard with installing mirror should be revised to add newly “three ergonomics requirements” for preventive safety. Application of these new guidelines in practice, a typical low-cost and low technology-oriented improvement to reduce crossing collisions, was highly recommended.