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Paola Perez,Jaime Patiño,Alexis A. Franco,Fernando Rosso,Estefania Beltran,Eliana Manzi,Andrés Castro,Mayra Estacio,Diego Medina Valencia 대한혈액학회 2022 Blood Research Vol.57 No.1
Background Antifungal prophylaxis is recommended for hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) to decrease the incidence of invasive fungal infections (IFI). This study aimed to compare the two groups of antifungal prophylaxis in pediatric patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT. Methods This observational, analytic, retrospective cohort study compared the incidence of IFI with antifungal prophylaxis with voriconazole vs. other antifungals in the first 100 days after allogeneic HSCT in patients aged <18 years between 2012 and 2018. The statistical analysis included univariate and multivariate analyses and determination of the cumulative incidence of invasive fungal infection by the Kaplan‒Meier method using STATA 14 statistical software. Results A total of 139 allogeneic HSCT were performed. The principal diagnosis was acute leukemia (63%). The 75% had haploidentical donors, and 50% used an antifungal in the month before transplantation. Voriconazole (69%) was the most frequently administered antifungal prophylaxis. The cumulative incidence of IFI was 5% (7 cases). Of the patients with IFIs, four began prophylaxis with voriconazole, one with caspofungin, and one with fluconazole. Additionally, six were possible cases, one was proven (Candida parapsilosis), and 1/7 died. Conclusion There were no differences in the incidence of IFI between patients who received prophylaxis with voriconazole and other antifungal agents.
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Garrido-Baserba, Manel,Asvapathanagul, Pitiporn,Park, Hee-Deung,Kim, Taek-Seung,Baquero-Rodriguez, G. Andres,Olson, Betty H.,Rosso, Diego Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.639 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Biofilm formation influences the most energy-demanding process in the waste water treatment cycle. Biofilm growth on the surface of wastewater aeration diffusers in water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) can increase the energy requirements up to 50% in less than 2 years. The impact of biofilms in aeration diffusers was quantified and assessed for first time using molecular tools (i.e., Energy-dispersive X-ray, Ra and RMS and Pyrosequencing) and state-of-the-art techniques (i.e., EPS quantification, Hydrophobicity and DNA quantification). To provide a better understanding and quantitative connections between biological activity and aeration energy efficiency, two replicates of the most common diffusers were installed and tested in two different operational conditions (higher and lower organic loading rate processes) during 15 months. Different scenarios and conditions provided for first time comprehensive understanding of the major factors contributing to diffuser fouling. The array of analysis suggested that higher loading conditions can promote specialized microbial populations to halve aeration efficiency parameters (i.e., αF) in comparison to lower loading conditions. Biofilms adapted to certain operational conditions can trigger changes in diffuser membrane properties (i.e., biological enhanced roughness and hydrophobicity) and enhance EPS growth rates. Improved understanding of the effects of scaling, biofouling, aging and microbial population shifts on the decrease in aeration efficiency is provided.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Quantitative connections between the extent of biofouling and reduced aeration diffuser efficiency </LI> <LI> The specific contributions to the decrease in aeration efficiency <αF> were quantified for first time. </LI> <LI> Performance decrease is highly influenced by operational conditions and concurrent microbial population shifts. </LI> <LI> Molecular tools were applied in order to understand the major factors contributing to diffuser fouling. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
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