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Vegetable Production and Seed Industry in China
Rifei Sun 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.3
China’s vegetable output ranks first in the world. This paper covers several aspects of vegetable production in China such as vegetable diversity, vegetable output, background for the increase in the vegetable industry, vegetable market, production techniques and quality control. In recent years seed industry has been developed very quickly. The total value of vegetable seed market may reach more than 1.4 billion US dollars. As a member of the International Convention for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants, new varieties can be protected in China. A great deal of new improved varieties were released and used for seed production. China is putting the research, production and sale of genetically modified organisms under strict scrutiny with the establishment of a safety certification process.
The genome of the mesopolyploid crop species Brassica rapa
Wang, Xiaowu,Wang, Hanzhong,Wang, Jun,Sun, Rifei,Wu, Jian,Liu, Shengyi,Bai, Yinqi,Mun, Jeong-Hwan,Bancroft, Ian,Cheng, Feng,Huang, Sanwen,Li, Xixiang,Hua, Wei,Wang, Junyi,Wang, Xiyin,Freeling, Michael Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2011 Nature genetics Vol.43 No.10
We report the annotation and analysis of the draft genome sequence of Brassica rapa accession Chiifu-401-42, a Chinese cabbage. We modeled 41,174 protein coding genes in the B. rapa genome, which has undergone genome triplication. We used Arabidopsis thaliana as an outgroup for investigating the consequences of genome triplication, such as structural and functional evolution. The extent of gene loss (fractionation) among triplicated genome segments varies, with one of the three copies consistently retaining a disproportionately large fraction of the genes expected to have been present in its ancestor. Variation in the number of members of gene families present in the genome may contribute to the remarkable morphological plasticity of Brassica species. The B. rapa genome sequence provides an important resource for studying the evolution of polyploid genomes and underpins the genetic improvement of Brassica oil and vegetable crops.
Guoliang Li,Shifan Zhang,Fei Li,Hui Zhang,Shujiang Zhang,Jianjun Zhao,Rifei Sun 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.1
Plants protect against viruses through passive and ac- tive resistance mechanisms, and in most cases charac- terized thus far, natural recessive resistance to potyvi- ruses has been mapped to mutations in the eukaryotic initiation factor eIF4E or eIF(iso)4E genes. Five eIF4E copies and three eIF(iso)4E copies were detected in Brassica rapa. The eIF4E and eIF(iso)4E genes could interact with turnip mosaic virus (TuMV) viral protein linked to the genome (VPg) to initiate virus translation. From the yeast two-hybrid system (Y2H) and bimo- lecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) assays, the TuMV-CHN2/CHN3 VPgs could not interact with BraA.eIF4E.a/c or BraA.eIF(iso)4E.c, but they could interact with BraA.eIF(iso)4E.a in B. rapa. Further analysis indicated that the amino acid substitution L186F (nt T556C) in TuMV-UK1 VPg was important for the interaction networks between the TuMV VPg and eIF(iso)4E proteins. An interaction model of the BraA. eIF(iso)4E protein with TuMV VPg was constructed to infer the effect of the significant amino acids on the interaction of TuMV VPgs-eIF(iso)4Es, particularly whether the L186F in TuMV-UK1 VPg could change the structure of the TuMV-UK1 VPg protein, which may terminate the interaction of the BraA.eIF(iso)4E and TuMV VPg protein. This study provides new insights into the interactions between plant viruses and trans- lation initiation factors to reveal the working of key amino acids.