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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Reza Hakkak (검색결과 4 건)
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Reza Hakkak,Huawei Zeng,Ishwori B. Dhakal,Soheila Korourian 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.11
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a major cause of abnormal liver function, is often associated with obesity. Arginine (ARG) plays a role in modulating body weight/fat, but limited data exist as to the role of ARG in soy protein’s ability to protect from liver steatosis. We investigated the role of native ARG in the soy protein isolate (SPI) in reducing liver steatosis in male obese Zucker rats. Rats (N = 48; 6 weeks old) were randomly assigned to one of three diets for 8 or 16 weeks: the casein (CAS) diet as control (0.6% ARG), CAS diet supplemented to contain 1.3% ARG, or an SPI diet containing isoflavones (1.3% ARG). SPI and ARG rats gained significantly more weight (P < .05) than CAS rats after 16 weeks only. The SPI rats had lower liver steatosis scores after 8 and 16 weeks (P < .05 and P < .001, respectively) compared to CAS and ARG rats. SPI rats had lower serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels (P < .05) compared to CAS after 16 weeks, and AST was lower (P < .05) compared to ARG rats. After 16 weeks, the SPI rats had lower (P < .05) serum ALT and AST levels than at 8 weeks. Our results suggest that a longer period of SPI feeding results in lower liver steatosis and serum ALT and AST levels, while the ARG diet had no effect on steatosis or ALT and AST levels. We found that the SPI diet reduced (P < .001) serum tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) compared to CAS and ARG diets after 8 and 16 weeks. The SPI diet significantly reduced (P < .001) interleukin-6 (IL-6) when compared to the CAS diet at 8 weeks, but there was no significant difference at 16 weeks. Based on the findings of our study, the protective effect of SPI in reducing liver steatosis is not modulated by its native arginine content.
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Melisa Kozaczek,Walter Bottje,공병휘,Diyana Albataineh,Reza Hakkak 한국식품영양과학회 2021 Journal of medicinal food Vol.24 No.9
Obesity can lead to several health disorders including nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the aggregation of lipids within hepatocytes, and consequent inflammation of the liver tissue. Previously, we reported that feeding obese Zucker rats with soy protein isolate (SPI) can reduce liver steatosis. To understand how SPI reduced liver steatosis, we conducted global gene expression analysis on liver samples obtained from these rats after short- (8 weeks) and long-term SPI feeding (16 weeks). We compared and contrasted these data using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) software. This study focused mainly on target molecules that could be participating in inflammation processes and lipid metabolism that are well-known components of NAFLD. Inflammatory response was predicted to be inhibited in animals fed the SPI diet at both 8 and 16 weeks of experiment. This general prediction was based on negative activation z scores obtained through IPA (z score < −2.0, P < .00001) for eight aspects of immune function/inflammatory response. Lipid metabolism was predicted to be strongly enhanced in rats fed the SPI diet for 16 weeks than for 8 weeks. This prediction was based on positive activation z scores (z scores >2.0, P < .00001) of eight functions involved in lipid transport and metabolism. We observed that the longer the rats were fed the SPI diet, the more beneficial it resulted against NAFLD. Based on our findings, the predicted reductions in inflammatory mechanisms while enhancing lipid transport out of the liver could be the reasons behind the reduction of liver steatosis.
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Wei Li,Nathan C. Twaddle,Beverly Spray,Bernice Nounamo,Behjatolah Monzavi-Karbassi,Reza Hakkak 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.2
Soy's anti-inflammatory properties contribute to the health benefits of soy foods. This study was designed to investigate the bioavailability of soy isoflavones and whether the isoflavone content of soy protein concentrate diet would affect serum inflammatory proteins in an obese (fa/fa) Zucker rat model. Six-week-old male lean (L) and obese (O) Zucker rats were fed a casein control diet (C), soy protein concentrate with low isoflavones (SPC-LIF), or soy protein concentrate with high isoflavones (SPC-HIF) (7 rats/dietary group) before being killed at 9 and 18 weeks. Serum samples were analyzed for isoflavones and inflammatory proteins. At both time points, serum total (aglycone + conjugates) genistein, daidzein, and equol concentrations were significantly higher in L-SPC-HIF and O-SPC-HIF groups compared with L-SPC-LIF and O-SPC-LIF groups, respectively, and were not detectable in either L-C or O-C groups. At week 9, serum C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration was significantly lower in O-SPC-HIF group compared with O-C and O-SPC-LIF group, whereas proteins tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels did not differ between any groups. At week 18, serum CRP levels in both O-SPC-HIF and O-SPC-LIF groups were significantly lower compared with the O-C group. TNF-α level was higher in the O-SPC-LIF group compared with both O-C and O-SPC-HIF groups, whereas IL-6 levels were not different between any groups. Taken together, feeding Zucker rats SPC-LIF and SPC-HIF diets led to different serum isoflavone concentrations in both L and O Zucker rats and altered CRP and TNF-α levels in obese Zucker rats compared with controls.
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Wei Li,Beverly Spray,Elisabet Børsheim,Soheila Korourian,Reza Hakkak 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.12
The health benefits of soy foods are attributed to the high-quality protein and the bioactive compounds such asisoflavones. We previously reported that feeding obese (fa/fa) Zucker rats soy protein concentrates (SPCs) with low isoflavone(LIF) and high isoflavone (HIF) for 9 weeks significantly reduced liver steatosis compared to a casein control (C) diet. Thecurrent study extended the dietary treatments to 18 weeks to investigate the long-term effect of LIF and HIF SPC diets. 6-week-old male lean (L, n = 21) and obese (O, n = 21) Zucker rats were fed a casein C diet, LIF and HIF SPC diets for 18weeks and body weight (BW) was recorded twice weekly. Rats were killed after 18 weeks to measure liver steatosis and serumaspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase. Obese rats had significantly greater final BW, liver weight, liverweight as the percentage of BW, and steatosis score compared to lean rats in all three dietary groups. The obese highisoflavones(OHIF) group had significantly higher BW compared to obese control (OC) group (P < .0001) and obese lowisoflavones(OLIF) group (P = .01). OC group had significantly greater liver weight, liver weight as the percentage of BW, andliver steatosis score compared to OLIF (P = .0077, P < .0001 and P < .0001, respectively) and OHIF (P = .0094, P < .0001, andP < .0001, respectively) groups. Taken together, long-term feeding of SPC diets protected against liver steatosis regardlessof isoflavone levels.
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