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        Separation of mitochondria by flow field-flow fractionation for proteomic analysis

        Kang, Dukjin,Oh, Sunok,Reschiglian, Pierluigi,Moon, Myeong Hee Royal Society of Chemistry 2008 The Analyst Vol.133 No.4

        <P>Flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF) has been utilized for size-based separation of rat liver mitochondria. Collected fractions of mitochondria of various sizes were examined by confocal microscopy, and mitochondria of each fraction were lysed and analyzed by two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) for the comparison of protein patterns in differently sized mitochondria by densitometric measurements, and for protein characterization of some gel spots with nanoflow liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC–ESI-MS-MS). FlFFF fractions of the mitochondria were also tryptically digested for shotgun proteomic characterization of mitochondrial proteins/peptides by nLC–ESI-MS-MS. Peak area (integrated ion counts) of some peptides extracted from LC–MS chromatograms were examined at different fractions for the quantitative comparison. Among 130 proteins, 105 unique proteins were found to be mitochodrial from the off-line combination of FlFFF and nLC–ESI-MS-MS analysis. It also showed that 23 proteins were found in all fractions but some proteins were found exclusively in certain fractions. Among 25 proteins listed from other subcellular species, seven proteins were known to exist in mitochondria as well as in other subcellular locations, which may support the possible translocation or multiple localizations of proteins among organelles. This study demonstrated effective use of FlFFF for the isolation and/or enrichment of intact mitochondria isolated from cells, as well as its potential use for the fractionation of other subcellular components in the framework of subcellular functional proteomics.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Flow field-flow fractionation (FlFFF) is utilized for the size separation of rat liver mitochondria, and proteins of differently sized mitochondria are examined by shotgun proteomics and 2D-PAGE. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=b716851a'> </P>

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        Hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation of whole blood serum

        Zattoni, A.,Rambaldi, D.C.,Roda, B.,Parisi, D.,Roda, A.,Moon, M.H.,Reschiglian, P. Elsevier 2008 Journal of chromatography Vol.1183 No.1

        Hollow-fiber flow field-flow fractionation is here applied to untreated, whole human blood serum. Matrix-assisted, laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) of serum fractions shows mass signals in the <30000M<SUB>r</SUB> range where low-abundance, serum protein components are known to be present, though a membrane of nominal 30000Da cutoff was employed for the fractionation device. Using diluted sera spiked with low amounts (0.06-0.1%, w/w) of an artificial mixture constituted the human adrenocorticotropic hormone fragments 18-39 (M<SUB>r</SUB>=2465.7) and 7-38 (M<SUB>r</SUB>=3659.2), and of bovine insulin (M<SUB>r</SUB>=5734), horse cytochrome c (M<SUB>r</SUB>=12384) and chicken lysozyme (M<SUB>r</SUB>=14388), a hybrid fractionation/microfiltration mechanism shows to govern the separation of the low-M<SUB>r</SUB> components.

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