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Significance of endangered and threatened plant natural products in the control of human disease
Ibrahim, Mohamed Ali,Na, MinKyun,Oh, Joonseok,Schinazi, Raymond F.,McBrayer, Tami R.,Whitaker, Tony,Doerksen, Robert J.,Newman, David J.,Zachos, Louis G.,Hamann, Mark T. National Academy of Sciences 2013 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.110 No.42
<P>One in five of the world’s plant species is threatened with extinction according to the 2010 first global analysis of extinction risk. Tilman et al. predicted a massive ecological change to terrestrial plants within the next 50–100 y, accompanied by an increase in the number of global plant species facing extinction [Tilman D, et al. (2001) <I>Proc Natl Acad Sci USA</I> 98(10):5433–5440]. Most of the drug-producing plant families contain endangered species never previously studied for their utility to human health, which strongly validates the need to prioritize protection and assessment of these fragile and endangered groups [Zhu F, et al. (2011) <I>Proc Natl Acad Sci USA</I> 108(31):12943–12948]. With little prior attention given to endangered and rare plant species, this report provides strong justification for conservation of the rare plant <I>Diplostephium rhododendroides</I> Hieron., as well as other potential drug-producing endangered species in this and other groups.</P>
Sana Aslam,Matloob Ahmad,Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman,Catherine Montero,Mervi Detorio,Masood Parvez,Raymond F. Schinazi 대한약학회 2014 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.37 No.11
A novel series of N0-(1-(aryl)ethylidene)-2-(5,5-dioxido-3-phenylbenzo[e]pyrazolo[4,3-c][1,2]thiazin-4(1H)-yl)acetohydrazides was synthesized. The synthesiswas carried out by thermal method as well as ultrasonicbath to reduce reaction time and to enhance product yields. The synthesized compounds were characterized by spectroscopictechniques like NMR, infrared and EIMS. Thestructure of compound 5w was elucidated by X-ray crystallography. The titled compounds were evaluated for antihumanimmunodeficiency virus type 1 (anti-HIV-1) andcytotoxic activities. Biological studies indicated thatamongst these compounds, 5a, b, j, h and i showed theactivity with median effective concentration (EC50) valuesless than 20 lM. Compound 5i exhibited the most potentanti-HIV-1 activity (EC50 = 3.2 lM) while 5h showedanti-HIV-1 activity (EC50 = 3.8 lM) with no toxicity at allin primary human lymphocytes, CEM and VERO cells.