Male Mating History in Antheraea mylitta and its Effect on Ejaculation Size and Female Reproductive Fitness

Rath, Sudhansu Sekhar Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2011 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.22 No.2

Reproductive activity in the economically important insect, Antheraea mylitta is very important because the female reproduces only once in her life time and the aging is very rapid and costly. It is a capital breeder and strictly a monoandrous species. To know how strategically the insect behaves and the male allocates its ejaculate resource more prudently during its successive mating with virgin females to maximize its own fitness and the fitness of the female with whom it mated, both being most important to sericulture industry. So, the present study was undertaken and the results revealed fresh and virgin females always prefer to mate with fresh virgin males (84%) and receives high dose of ejaculates leading to higher hatchability than to virgin males of one day old (13.7%) and one day old males with mating experience (2.3%). The ejaculation size (as referred to eupyrene sperm count in the ejaculation) declined significantly over successive mating (r = -0.9931, P < 0.001), so also the male body weight (r = -0.9560, P < 0.001). The quantity of ejaculate passed to female also dramatically declined during aging (r = -0.9982, P < 0.001). It was found that male weight contribute substantially to the quantum of ejaculate (r = -0.9519, P < 0.001), so also higher fecund females receive relatively more ejaculate than the lower group to reach higher reproductive fitness. The life time fecundity was found to be $334{\pm}31$.

The effect of root canal irrigants on dentin: a focused review

Rath, Priti Pragati,Yiu, Cynthia Kar Yung,Matinlinna, Jukka Pekka,Kishen, Anil,Neelakantan, Prasanna The Korean Academy of Conservative Dentistry 2020 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.45 No.3

Despite the vast literature on the effects of root canal irrigants on the dentin characteristics, the precise effects of clinically relevant irrigation sequences remain unclear. In this review, we systematically dissect the role of different sequential irrigation approaches that are used in clinical endodontics. Using a systematic search strategy, we attempt to answer the question: 'Which irrigating sequence has the most deleterious effects on dentin structure and properties?' The effect of irrigants on the dentin composition and mechanical properties have been reviewed. A wide variety of concentrations, duration and techniques have been employed to characterize the effects of chemicals on dentin properties, thus making it impossible to draw guidelines or recommendations of irrigant sequences to be followed clinically. It was apparent that all the studied irrigation sequences potentially result in some deleterious effects on dentin such as decrease in the flexural strength, microhardness, modulus of elasticity and inorganic content and organic-inorganic ratio of the dentin. However, the literature still lacks comprehensive investigations to compare the deleterious effect of different irrigation sequences, using a wide variety of qualitative and quantitative methods. Such investigations are essential to make clinical recommendations and strategize efforts to minimize chemically-induced damage to dentin characteristics.

Drug Target Identification and Elucidation of Natural Inhibitors for Bordetella petrii: An In Silico Study

Rath, Surya Narayan,Ray, Manisha,Pattnaik, Animesh,Pradhan, Sukanta Kumar Korea Genome Organization 2016 Genomics & informatics Vol.14 No.4

Environmental microbes like Bordetella petrii has been established as a causative agent for various infectious diseases in human. Again, development of drug resistance in B. petrii challenged to combat against the infection. Identification of potential drug target and proposing a novel lead compound against the pathogen has a great aid and value. In this study, bioinformatics tools and technology have been applied to suggest a potential drug target by screening the proteome information of B. petrii DSM 12804 (accession No. PRJNA28135) from genome database of National Centre for Biotechnology information. In this regards, the inhibitory effect of nine natural compounds like ajoene (Allium sativum), allicin (A. sativum), cinnamaldehyde (Cinnamomum cassia), curcumin (Curcuma longa), gallotannin (active component of green tea and red wine), isoorientin (Anthopterus wardii), isovitexin (A. wardii), neral (Melissa officinalis), and vitexin (A. wardii) have been acknowledged with anti-bacterial properties and hence tested against identified drug target of B. petrii by implicating computational approach. The in silico studies revealed the hypothesis that lpxD could be a potential drug target and with recommendation of a strong inhibitory effect of selected natural compounds against infection caused due to B. petrii, would be further validated through in vitro experiments.

Output Feedback Active Suspension Control With Higher Order Terminal Sliding Mode

Rath, Jagat Jyoti,Defoort, Michael,Karimi, Hamid Reza,Veluvolu, Kalyana Chakravarthy Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2017 IEEE transactions on industrial electronics Vol. No.

<P>The control of an automotive suspension system using hydraulic actuators is a highly complex nonlinear control task dealing with system nonlinearities, external disturbances, and uncertainties. In this work, an output feedback active suspension control scheme is proposed to achieve a ride comfort while maintaining the road holding for the vehicle. To design the controller, the states of the nonlinear system are first estimated using a highgain observer where the suspension stroke is the only measurable output. The controller is then designed using a recursive derivative nonsingular higher order terminal sliding mode approach that avoids singularity. The practical stability for the closed-loop observer-controller pair is established. Simulation results for the quarter-wheel vehicle over various road conditions demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control in improving the suspension performance in both the time and frequency domains.</P>

Adaptive Super-Twisting Observer for Estimation of Random Road Excitation Profile in Automotive Suspension Systems

Rath, J. J.,Veluvolu, K. C.,Defoort, M. Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2014 The Scientific World Journal Vol.2014 No.-

<P>The estimation of road excitation profile is important for evaluation of vehicle stability and vehicle suspension performance for autonomous vehicle control systems. In this work, the nonlinear dynamics of the active automotive system that is excited by the unknown road excitation profile are considered for modeling. To address the issue of estimation of road profile, we develop an adaptive supertwisting observer for state and unknown road profile estimation. Under Lipschitz conditions for the nonlinear functions, the convergence of the estimation error is proven. Simulation results with Ford Fiesta MK2 demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed observer for state and unknown input estimation for nonlinear active suspension system.</P>

Nutritional Efficiency in Antheraea mylitta D. during Food Deprivation

Rath, S.S.,Sinha, B.R.R.P.,Thangavelu, K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2004 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.9 No.1

Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the larval health, cocoon quality and reproductive potential in Antheraea mylitta D. Nutritional efficiency greatly influenced if food is not adequate and of quality. A. mylitta silkworms were subjected to food deprivation for the period of 0 hr to 12 hrs /day to assess its effect on various nutritional parameters and indices, and its manifestation at different levels. Food ingesta, digesta, gain in body weight declined significantly at each level of deprivation, so also food utilization efficiency like consumption index (CI), growth rate (GR), approximate digestibility (AD), and efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI). This stress leads to decline in mean daily food ingesta by 16.73% to 39.76% and digesta by 28.98% to 54.01 % following a significant reduction in average daily body weight gain (27.68% to 55.09%). Food deprivation a1so caused significant loss in the silk gland weight, cocoon and shell weight (14.37% to 53.69%), lowered the fecundity (35.86 % to 83.59%) and in number of eggs laid per gram body weight, but simultaneously the number of non-chorionated eggs increased significantly.

Characterization of novel Ba₂LnMoO₆ (Ln = Pr and Nd) double perovskite as the anode material for hydrocarbon-fueled solid oxide fuel cells

Rath, Manasa K.,Lee, Ki-Tae Elsevier 2018 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.737 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ba<SUB>2</SUB>LnMoO<SUB>6</SUB> (Ln = Pr and Nd), with a double perovskite structure, has been investigated as an efficient anode material for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) operating under methane fuel. Ba<SUB>2</SUB>LnMoO<SUB>6</SUB> (Ln = Pr and Nd) powders were successfully synthesized by a citric acid ethylene-diamine-tetraacetic acid (CA-EDTA) combustion technique. Ba<SUB>2</SUB>LnMoO<SUB>6</SUB> (Ln = Pr and Nd) was thermally and morphologically stable at high temperature and chemically compatible with the Gd<SUB>0.2</SUB>Ce<SUB>0.8</SUB>O<SUB>1.8</SUB> (GDC) electrolyte. The electrical conductivities of Ba<SUB>2</SUB>PrMoO<SUB>6</SUB> and Ba<SUB>2</SUB>NdMoO<SUB>6</SUB> were 348.5 and 146 Scm<SUP>−1</SUP> under humidified CH<SUB>4</SUB> at 800 °C, respectively. However, Ba<SUB>2</SUB>LnMoO<SUB>6</SUB> (Ln = Pr and Nd) exhibits better catalytic activity for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) than for the methane oxidation reaction (MOR); this is due to the presence of deposited carbon, which blocks the fuel path during the overall methane oxidation process.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Ba<SUB>2</SUB>LnMoO<SUB>6</SUB> (Ln = Pr and Nd) reduce in 5%H<SUB>2</SUB>/Ar has cubic double perovskite structure. </LI> <LI> Ba<SUB>2</SUB>PrMoO<SUB>6</SUB> exhibits high conductivity of 348.5 Scm<SUP>−1</SUP> under wet CH<SUB>4</SUB> at 800 °C. </LI> <LI> High conductivity under wet CH<SUB>4</SUB> is correlated with the carbon deposition. </LI> <LI> Activation energy of Ba<SUB>2</SUB>PrMoO<SUB>6</SUB> and Ba<SUB>2</SUB>NdMoO<SUB>6</SUB> for H<SUB>2</SUB> oxidation is 1.09 and 1.19 eV. </LI> </UL> </P>

Properties and electrochemical performance of Sr_0.8La_0.2TiO_3-δ-Ce_0.8Gd_0.2O_2-δ composite anodes for intermediate temperature solid oxide fuel cells

Rath, M.K.,Lee, K.T. ELSEVIER SCIENCE 2016 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.657 No.-

A series of Sr<SUB>0.8</SUB>La<SUB>0.2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3-δ</SUB> (SLT)-Ce<SUB>0.8</SUB>Gd<SUB>0.2</SUB>O<SUB>2-δ</SUB> (GDC) composite anodes with various volume ratios of SLT and GDC has been synthesized using a sucrose modified combustion technique. The percolation thresholds of Sr<SUB>0.8</SUB>La<SUB>0.2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3-δ</SUB> and Ce<SUB>0.8</SUB>Gd<SUB>0.2</SUB>O<SUB>2-δ</SUB> in the composite calculated based on the Kusy's percolation theory were 75.6 vol.% and 36.1 vol.%, respectively. While the rate of carbon deposition increased with an increase in the Ce<SUB>0.8</SUB>Gd<SUB>0.2</SUB>O<SUB>2-δ</SUB> content, the total electrical conductivity decreased in humidified H<SUB>2</SUB> as well as in CH<SUB>4</SUB>. Based on the electrochemical performance measured using AC-impedance spectroscopy, the optimal anode composition was 65 vol.% Sr<SUB>0.8</SUB>La<SUB>0.2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3-δ</SUB>-35 vol.% Ce<SUB>0.8</SUB>Gd<SUB>0.2</SUB>O<SUB>2-δ</SUB>. This composite has polarization resistances of 2.80 @? cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 4.60 @? cm<SUP>2</SUP> in H<SUB>2</SUB> and CH<SUB>4</SUB>, respectively, measured at 800 <SUP>o</SUP>C. Diffusion or concentration polarization was the rate determining steps for the fuel oxidation process in the Sr<SUB>0.8</SUB>La<SUB>0.2</SUB>TiO<SUB>3-δ</SUB>-Ce<SUB>0.8</SUB>Gd<SUB>0.2</SUB>O<SUB>2-δ</SUB> composite anode.

In silico discovery and evaluation of phytochemicals binding mechanism against human catechol-O-methyltransferase as a putative bioenhancer of L-DOPA therapy in Parkinson disease

Rath, Surya Narayan,Jena, Lingaraja,Bhuyan, Rajabrata,Mahanandia, Nimai Charan,Patri, Manorama Korea Genome Organization 2021 Genomics & informatics Vol.19 No.1

Levodopa (L-DOPA) therapy is normally practised to treat motor pattern associated with Parkinson disease (PD). Additionally, several inhibitory drugs such as Entacapone and Opicapone are also cosupplemented to protect peripheral inactivation of exogenous L-DOPA (~80%) that occurs due to metabolic activity of the enzyme catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT). Although, both Entacapone and Opicapone have U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval but regular use of these drugs is associated with high risk of side effects. Thus, authors have focused on in silico discovery of phytochemicals and evaluation of their effectiveness against human soluble COMT using virtual screening, molecular docking, drug-like property prediction, generation of pharmacophoric property, and molecular dynamics simulation. Overall, study proposed, nine phytochemicals (withaphysalin D, withaphysalin N, withaferin A, withacnistin, withaphysalin C, withaphysalin O, withanolide B, withasomnine, and withaphysalin F) of plant Withania somnifera have strong binding efficiency against human COMT in comparison to both of the drugs i.e., Opicapone and Entacapone, thus may be used as putative bioenhancer in L-DOPA therapy. The present study needs further experimental validation to be used as an adjuvant in PD treatment.

Higher-order sliding mode observer for estimation of tyre friction in ground vehicles

Rath, Jagat Jyoti,Veluvolu, Kalyana Chakravarthy,Defoort, Michael,Yeng Chai Soh IET 2014 IET control theory & applications Vol.8 No.6

<P>The estimation of friction coefficient for a vehicle when it traverses on different surfaces has been an important issue. In this work, the longitudinal vehicle dynamics, the torsional tyre dynamics and the non-linear LuGre friction dynamics are integrated to model the quarter vehicle dynamics. The road adhesion coefficient in the vehicle dynamics is unknown and varies with the contact surface. To address this issue, the authors consider a class of non-linear uncertain systems that covers the vehicle dynamics and develop a higher-order sliding mode observer based on supertwisting algorithm for state and unknown input estimations. Under Lipschitz conditions for the non-linear functions, the convergence of the estimation error is established. By estimating the road adhesion coefficient, the coefficient of friction can be estimated. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed observer for state and unknown input estimation.</P>