Genetic Divergence Analysis among Micromutant Lines in Finger Millet (Eleusine coracana G.)

Kumuda Chandra Muduli,Rama Chandra Misra 한국작물학회 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.1

The induced genetic divergence was estimated in 44 mutant lines of finger millet variety GPU 26, developed by single and combination treatments with gamma rays, EMS and NG using three multivariate analyses. The mutant lines were grouped into eight genetically diverse clusters by multivariate D2 and canonical analyses and 11 clusters by dendrogram grouping through Gower's similarity coefficient. The clustering pattern in these three methods was almost similar. Twelve mutant lines in D2 and 13 in the dendrogram grouping method were grouped in the parental cluster (Cluster I) indicating that they did not possess enough divergence from the parent to be classified as micromutant lines. However a large proportion of mutant lines showed divergence from the parent variety and also among themselves. No definite relationship of mutagenic origin and clustering of mutant lines were observed. The mutant lines developed from the same mutagenic treatments often grouped into different clusters indicating that each mutagenic treatment was effective in inducing diverse types of changes in the nine traits studied. The hybridization program between the divergent mutant lines GE 2-2 or GE 3-4 with GG 3-1 is expected to give promising and desirable segregants in subsequent generations. Traits such as days to 50% flowering and days to maturity had major contributions to the induced genetic divergence. The induced genetic divergence was estimated in 44 mutant lines of finger millet variety GPU 26, developed by single and combination treatments with gamma rays, EMS and NG using three multivariate analyses. The mutant lines were grouped into eight genetically diverse clusters by multivariate D2 and canonical analyses and 11 clusters by dendrogram grouping through Gower's similarity coefficient. The clustering pattern in these three methods was almost similar. Twelve mutant lines in D2 and 13 in the dendrogram grouping method were grouped in the parental cluster (Cluster I) indicating that they did not possess enough divergence from the parent to be classified as micromutant lines. However a large proportion of mutant lines showed divergence from the parent variety and also among themselves. No definite relationship of mutagenic origin and clustering of mutant lines were observed. The mutant lines developed from the same mutagenic treatments often grouped into different clusters indicating that each mutagenic treatment was effective in inducing diverse types of changes in the nine traits studied. The hybridization program between the divergent mutant lines GE 2-2 or GE 3-4 with GG 3-1 is expected to give promising and desirable segregants in subsequent generations. Traits such as days to 50% flowering and days to maturity had major contributions to the induced genetic divergence.

Genetic Divergence Analysis among Micromutant Lines in Finger Millet(Eleusine coracana G.)

Muduli, Kumuda Chandra,Misra, Rama Chandra The Korean Society of Crop Science 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.1

The induced genetic divergence was estimated in 44 mutant lines of finger millet variety GPU 26, developed by single and combination treatments with gamma rays, EMS and NG using three multivariate analyses. The mutant lines were grouped into eight genetically diverse clusters by multivariate D2 and canonical analyses and 11 clusters by dendrogram grouping through Gower's similarity coefficient. The clustering pattern in these three methods was almost similar. Twelve mutant lines in D2 and 13 in the dendrogram grouping method were grouped in the parental cluster(Cluster I) indicating that they did not possess enough divergence from the parent to be classified as micromutant lines. However a large proportion of mutant lines showed divergence from the parent variety and also among themselves. No definite relationship of mutagenic origin and clustering of mutant lines were observed. The mutant lines developed from the same mutagenic treatments often grouped into different clusters indicating that each mutagenic treatment was effective in inducing diverse types of changes in the nine traits studied. The hybridization program between the divergent mutant lines GE 2-2 or GE 3-4 with GG 3-1 is expected to give promising and desirable segregants in subsequent generations. Traits such as days to 50% flowering and days to maturity had major contributions to the induced genetic divergence.

Variation in Sensitivity to Streptomycin-Induced Bleaching and Dark-Induced Senescence of Rice (O. sativa) and Ragi (E. coracana) Genotypes and Their Relationship with Yield and Adaptability

Swarnalata Das,Rama Chandra Misra,Susil Kumar Sinha,Mohan Charan Pattanaik 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.4

Variation in streptomycin sensitivity and dark sensitivity of 36 rice genotypes of three different maturity groups and 30 ragi genotypes of two different maturity groups were studied. Streptomycin sensitivity and dark sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes were expressed in terms of bleaching index (BI) and senescence index (SI), respectively. Genotypes of each maturity group of each crop showed wide variation in their BI / SI values. The objective of this investigation was to find the relationship of the BI / SI parameter with yield, adaptability, and stability in yield performance of rice and ragi genotypes. Yield performance of rice and ragi genotypes were evaluated over 12 and nine environments, respectively. Adaptability and stability analysis were done following the linear regression model of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and the AMMI Stability Value (ASV) of Purchase (1997). BI parameter showed a positive correlation with yielding ability and deviation from regression (S²d) in both rice and ragi, and a negative correlation with adaptability parameter (b) for all the maturity groups of rice and ragi except in the early ragi group. SI parameter showed a negative correlation with yielding ability for all the maturity groups of rice and ragi except in the early ragi group and a positive correlation with adaptability parameter (b) for all the maturity groups of rice and ragi. This experimental study revealed that sensitivity of rice genotypes to streptomycin (SM) in terms of BI could be used to predict yielding ability of genotypes, and dark sensitivity (SI) could be used to indicate adaptability to rich and poor environments. This novel approach may help the breeder in indirect selection of high-yielding genotypes and genotypes well-adapted to rich or poor environments at an early seedling stage before going for multilocation trials.

Variation in Sensitivity to Streptomycin-Induced Bleaching and Dark-Induced Senescence of Rice (O. sativa) and Ragi (E. coracana) Genotypes and Their Relationship with Yield and Adaptability

Das, Swarnalata,Misra, Rama Chandra,Sinha, Susil Kumar,Pattanaik, Mohan Charan 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.4

Variation in streptomycin sensitivity and dark sensitivity of 36 rice genotypes of three different maturity groups and 30 ragi genotypes of two different maturity groups were studied. Streptomycin sensitivity and dark sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes were expressed in terms of bleaching index (BI) and senescence index (SI), respectively. Genotypes of each maturity group of each crop showed wide variation in their BI / SI values. The objective of this investigation was to find the relationship of the BI / SI parameter with yield, adaptability, and stability in yield performance of rice and ragi genotypes. Yield performance of rice and ragi genotypes were evaluated over 12 and nine environments, respectively. Adaptability and stability analysis were done following the linear regression model of Eberhart and Russell (1966) and the AMMI Stability Value (ASV) of Purchase (1997). BI parameter showed a positive correlation with yielding ability and deviation from regression ($S_d^2$) in both rice and ragi, and a negative correlation with adaptability parameter (b) for all the maturity groups of rice and ragi except in the early ragi group. SI parameter showed a negative correlation with yielding ability for all the maturity groups of rice and ragi except in the early ragi group and a positive correlation with adaptability parameter (b) for all the maturity groups of rice and ragi. This experimental study revealed that sensitivity of rice genotypes to streptomycin (SM) in terms of BI could be used to predict yielding ability of genotypes, and dark sensitivity (SI) could be used to indicate adaptability to rich and poor environments. This novel approach may help the breeder in indirect selection of high-yielding genotypes and genotypes well-adapted to rich or poor environments at an early seedling stage before going for multilocation trials.

Genetic divergence and selection indices among the micromutant lines in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

Niranjan Senapati,Rama Chandra Misra 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.2

Forty five micromutant lines of blackgram variety PU-30, developed by single and combination treatments with Gamma-rays, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), N-methyl-N- nitroso guanidine (NG) and maleic hydrazide (MH) were evaluated for yield and component traits. The mutant lines showed significant differences in all 9 traits indicating that the different mutagenic treatments were effective in inducing changes in all the quantitative characters, though magnitude, direction and frequency of changes varied with treatments. Genetic divergence among the mutants and the parent was estimated by D2 analysis.100-seed weight, plant height and pod length had high contribution to genetic divergence indicating induction of more micromutations in these traits. The genetic diversity D2 estimates among the 45 mutant lines and the parent were significant indicating the effectiveness of mutagenic treatments in isolation of mutant lines with diverse changes in multivariate traits from the parent. Using Tocher's method the mutants grouped in to 11 diverse genetic clusters. 31 of the 45 mutant lines grouped into 10 different clusters away from the parent. These lines not only exhibited genetic diversity from the parent but also among themselves. The mutant lines derived from the same mutagenic treatment often grouped into different clusters indicating that there was no mutagen specific trend in clustering. On the basis of D2 values and character complementation, hybridization of mutant line PM 3-3 with PN 3-2 or PGN 2-2 is expected to produce promising and desirable segregants in subsequent generations. The use of index selection on multiple traits including yield proved to be an effective and efficient method for selection of high yielding productive mutant lines such as PE2-3, PGN 2-3, PGN 2-2, PGM 2-2, PG2-1 and PG 3-2. These productive mutants showed changes in some growth and productivity traits from the parent variety and had 38.5 to 28.7 % yield superiority over parent. Three of these six mutants were derived from combined treatments and other three from single treatment with Gamma-rays or EMS. Forty five micromutant lines of blackgram variety PU-30, developed by single and combination treatments with Gamma-rays, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), N-methyl-N- nitroso guanidine (NG) and maleic hydrazide (MH) were evaluated for yield and component traits. The mutant lines showed significant differences in all 9 traits indicating that the different mutagenic treatments were effective in inducing changes in all the quantitative characters, though magnitude, direction and frequency of changes varied with treatments. Genetic divergence among the mutants and the parent was estimated by D2 analysis.100-seed weight, plant height and pod length had high contribution to genetic divergence indicating induction of more micromutations in these traits. The genetic diversity D2 estimates among the 45 mutant lines and the parent were significant indicating the effectiveness of mutagenic treatments in isolation of mutant lines with diverse changes in multivariate traits from the parent. Using Tocher's method the mutants grouped in to 11 diverse genetic clusters. 31 of the 45 mutant lines grouped into 10 different clusters away from the parent. These lines not only exhibited genetic diversity from the parent but also among themselves. The mutant lines derived from the same mutagenic treatment often grouped into different clusters indicating that there was no mutagen specific trend in clustering. On the basis of D2 values and character complementation, hybridization of mutant line PM 3-3 with PN 3-2 or PGN 2-2 is expected to produce promising and desirable segregants in subsequent generations. The use of index selection on multiple traits including yield proved to be an effective and efficient method for selection of high yielding productive mutant lines such as PE2-3, PGN 2-3, PGN 2-2, PGM 2-2, PG2-1 and PG 3-2. These productive mutants showed changes in some growth and productivity traits from the parent variety and had 38.5 to 28.7 % yield superiority over parent. Three of these six mutants were derived from combined treatments and other three from single treatment with Gamma-rays or EMS.

Genetic divergence and selection indices among the micromutant lines in blackgram [Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper]

Senapati, Niranjan,Misra, Rama Chandra 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.2

Forty five micromutant lines of blackgram variety PU-30, developed by single and combination treatments with Gamma-rays, ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS), N-methyl-N- nitroso guanidine (NG) and maleic hydrazide (MH) were evaluated for yield and component traits. The mutant lines showed significant differences in all 9 traits indicating that the different mutagenic treatments were effective in inducing changes in all the quantitative characters, though magnitude, direction and frequency of changes varied with treatments. Genetic divergence among the mutants and the parent was estimated by $D^2$ analysis. 100-seed weight, plant height and pod length had high contribution to genetic divergence indicating induction of more micromutations in these traits. The genetic diversity $D^2$ estimates among the 45 mutant lines and the parent were significant indicating the effectiveness of mutagenic treatments in isolation of mutant lines with diverse changes in multivariate traits from the parent. Using Tocher's method the mutants grouped in to 11 diverse genetic clusters. 31 of the 45 mutant lines grouped into 10 different clusters away from the parent. These lines not only exhibited genetic diversity from the parent but also among themselves. The mutant lines derived from the same mutagenic treatment often grouped into different clusters indicating that there was no mutagen specific trend in clustering. On the basis of $D^2$ values and character complementation, hybridization of mutant line PM 3-3 with PN 3-2 or PGN 2-2 is expected to produce promising and desirable segregants in subsequent generations. The use of index selection on multiple traits including yield proved to be an effective and efficient method for selection of high yielding productive mutant lines such as PE2-3, PGN 2-3, PGN 2-2, PGM 2-2, PG2-1 and PG 3-2. These productive mutants showed changes in some growth and productivity traits from the parent variety and had 38.5 to 28.7 % yield superiority over parent. Three of these six mutants were derived from combined treatments and other three from single treatment with Gamma-rays or EMS.

Variation in seedling growth inhibition due to Maleic Hydrazide treatment of rice (Oryza sativa) and ragi (Eleusine coracana) genotypes and its relationship with yield and adaptability

Swarnalata Das,Susil Kumar Sinha,Rama Chandra Misra 한국작물학회 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.3

Multilocation trials on 36 rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes of 3 different maturity groups were conducted at four different locations of Orissa for 3 years and 30 ragi (Eleusine coracana) genotypes of 2 different maturity groups were evaluated in three environmental conditions for 3 years. Grain yield data were subjected to stability analysis following linear regression model to estimate adaptability and stability parameters, i.e. b, and S2d Stability of performance of genotypes was also estimated by two other stability parameters viz., ecovalence W and AMMI stability value ASV. The rice and ragi genotypes of different duration groups showed wide variation in their mean yield, b, S2d, W and ASV parameters. Seeds of the 36 rice and 30 ragi genotypes were treated with 500 and 100 ppm aqueous solution of maleic hydrazide (MH) for 24 hours, respectively to study MH-sensitivity. Sensitivity of genotypes to MH treatment was estimated in terms of seedling growth inhibition index (SGI). The rice and ragi genotypes showed wide differences in their MH-sensitivity in terms of SGI. Relationship of MH- sensitivity of genotypes with their yielding ability, adaptability and stability of performance was tested by contingency x2 test. Low sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes to MH in terms of SGI appeared to be good indicators of high yielding ability of genotypes. Also, low and high MH-sensitivity of genotypes would be a good indicator of better adaptability to rich and poor environments, respectively, in ragi but not in rice. Low MH-sensitivity of genotypes could be the good indicator of stability of yield performance in rice but not in ragi. Multilocation trials on 36 rice (Oryza sativa) genotypes of 3 different maturity groups were conducted at four different locations of Orissa for 3 years and 30 ragi (Eleusine coracana) genotypes of 2 different maturity groups were evaluated in three environmental conditions for 3 years. Grain yield data were subjected to stability analysis following linear regression model to estimate adaptability and stability parameters, i.e. b, and S2d Stability of performance of genotypes was also estimated by two other stability parameters viz., ecovalence W and AMMI stability value ASV. The rice and ragi genotypes of different duration groups showed wide variation in their mean yield, b, S2d, W and ASV parameters. Seeds of the 36 rice and 30 ragi genotypes were treated with 500 and 100 ppm aqueous solution of maleic hydrazide (MH) for 24 hours, respectively to study MH-sensitivity. Sensitivity of genotypes to MH treatment was estimated in terms of seedling growth inhibition index (SGI). The rice and ragi genotypes showed wide differences in their MH-sensitivity in terms of SGI. Relationship of MH- sensitivity of genotypes with their yielding ability, adaptability and stability of performance was tested by contingency x2 test. Low sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes to MH in terms of SGI appeared to be good indicators of high yielding ability of genotypes. Also, low and high MH-sensitivity of genotypes would be a good indicator of better adaptability to rich and poor environments, respectively, in ragi but not in rice. Low MH-sensitivity of genotypes could be the good indicator of stability of yield performance in rice but not in ragi.

Variation in seedling growth inhibition due to Maleic Hydrazide treatment of rice(Oryza sativa) and ragi(Eleusine coracana) genotypes and its relationship with yield and adaptability

Das, Swarnalata,Sinha, Susil Kumar,Misra, Rama Chandra The Korean Society of Crop Science 2008 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.11 No.3

Multilocation trials on 36 rice(Oryza sativa) genotypes of 3 different maturity groups were conducted at four different locations of Orissa for 3 years and 30 ragi(Eleusine coracana) genotypes of 2 different maturity groups were evaluated in three environmental conditions for 3 years. Grain yield data were subjected to stability analysis following linear regression model to estimate adaptability and stability parameters, i.e. b, and $S^2d$ Stability of performance of genotypes was also estimated by two other stability parameters viz., ecovalence W and AMMI stability value ASV. The rice and ragi genotypes of different duration groups showed wide variation in their mean yield, b, $S^2d$, W and ASV parameters. Seeds of the 36 rice and 30 ragi genotypes were treated with 500 and 100 ppm aqueous solution of maleic hydrazide(MH) for 24 hours, respectively to study MH-sensitivity. Sensitivity of genotypes to MH treatment was estimated in terms of seedling growth inhibition index(SGI). The rice and ragi genotypes showed wide differences in their MH-sensitivity in terms of SGI. Relationship of MH-sensitivity of genotypes with their yielding ability, adaptability and stability of performance was tested by contingency $x^2$ test. Low sensitivity of rice and ragi genotypes to MH in terms of SGI appeared to be good indicators of high yielding ability of genotypes. Also, low and high MH-sensitivity of genotypes would be a good indicator of better adaptability to rich and poor environments, respectively, in ragi but not in rice. Low MH-sensitivity of genotypes could be the good indicator of stability of yield performance in rice but not in ragi.