Optimized Condition for Pairing of Different Friction Factor and Viscosity Equations for the Frictional Pressure Drop of R22 and R290

Qais Abid Yousif,NORMAH MOHD-GHAZALI,Agus Sunjarianto Pamitran,Yushazaziah Mohd-Yunos 대한설비공학회 2019 International Journal Of Air-Conditioning and Refr Vol.27 No.4

Accurate prediction of the friction factor and consequently the pressure drop of two-phase flow in small channels is still an issue. Many correlations exist for the determination of the viscosity and the friction factor that appear in the frictional pressure drop and their combination often determined the degree of disagreements between the experimental data and predicted outcomes. Demands for environmentally friendly refrigerants have further posed a challenge to find compatible alternatives with as good a performance as the current coolants. Despite the many available correlations developed to date, many more are studied in effort to reduce the discrepancies. This paper presents the outcomes of a study comparing the optimized conditions when three different viscosity equations are paired with eight different friction factor correlations to minimize the frictional pressure drop. The approach used multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA) to assist in selecting the best pairing. Comparison is then completed with available experimental data. The study showed that the Blasius friction factor paired with the Dukler viscosity produced the least percentage difference for R22, while when paired with the McAdams viscosity produced a lower difference for R290, an environmentally friendly refrigerant being considered to replace R22.

The Impact of Tax Evasion on Afghanistan's Economy

TAWHEED, Qais,CONG, Wang,RAFIQEE, Noorullah,QADERI, Khwaja Bahman,SHARIFI, Mohammad Shabir,HALIMI, Muhammad Shekaib Korea Distribution Science Association 2022 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.9 No.9

The simple regression model (SRM) is used in this study to look at potential economic growth-influencing factors. The sample's period runs from 2005 to 2019. The data was gathered from various ministries and government agencies such as the Central Bank of Afghanistan's Statistical Bulletin, the World Bank, the United Nations (UN), World Bank open data, NASA, Ministry of Finance (MoF), Ministry of Economy (MoE), and Central Bank of Afghanistan's Statistical Bulletin (CBA), as well as the internet and news. There is an urgent need to ensure that taxes are collected in the most efficient manner possible because one of the enormous management gaps in Afghanistan over the last two decades has been tax evasion. According to the results of this study, tax evasion has a negative and significant impact on Afghanistan's economic growth. We can affirm that the subject of this article is among the most significant topics recently discussed in my country. If the right solutions are implemented, It can significantly contribute to quickening the cycle of the developing Afghan economy and turning it from an unstable to a sustainable one.

Kidney International: a relaunching!

Springer-Verlag 2006 Kidney international Vol.69 No.1

Antihyperlipidemic activity of leaf and root extracts of $Premna$ $esculenta$ (Roxb.) in Poloxamer-407 induced hyperlipidemic mice and rats

Mahmud, Zobaer A.,Bachar, Sitesh C.,Qais, Nazmul 경희한의학연구센터 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.4

The ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots of $Premna$ $esculenta$ (Roxb.) were evaluated for antihyperlipidemic activity in poloxamer 407 induced hyperlipidemic rats and mice. The administration of the ethanolic extract of leaves induced a significant ($p$ <0.05) reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) levels as well as the atherogenic index compared to the P-407 induced hyperlipidemic control mice after 24 h of treatment at a single dose of 500 mg/kg p.o. Both the leaf and root extracts significantly ($p$ <0.05) reduced the serum TC, TG, VLDL and LDL levels as well as the atherogenic index compared to P-407 induced hyperlipidemic control rats after 4 days of pretreatment at a dose of 250 mg/kg/day p.o. The lipid lowering effects were compared with standard drug atorvastatin (50 mg/kg p.o.). Furthermore, both extracts showed potential to moderate scavenging activity of superoxide, nitric oxide and DPPH free radicals. In DPPH radical scavenging assay the $IC_{50}$ values of the leaf and root extracts were found to be 425.79 and 20.26 ${\mu}g$/ml, respectively while ascorbic acid has the $IC_{50}$ value 16.34 ${\mu}g$/ml. The $IC_{50}$ values of the leaf and root extracts against superoxide radicals were found to be 109.57 and 366.2 ${\mu}g$/ml, respectively which were comparable to that of ascorbic acid (99.66 ${\mu}g$/ml). The findings of the investigation demonstrated both antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of the leaf and root extracts of $P.$ $esculenta$ which could help in prevention of hyperlipidemia associated disorders.

Antihyperlipidemic activity of leaf and root extracts of Premna esculenta (Roxb.) in Poloxamer-407 induced hyperlipidemic mice and rats

Zobaer A. Mahmud,Sitesh C. Bachar,Nazmul Qais 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2011 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.11 No.4

The ethanolic extracts of leaves and roots of Premna esculenta (Roxb.) were evaluated for antihyperlipidemic activity in poloxamer 407 induced hyperlipidemic rats and mice. The administration of the ethanolic extract of leaves induced a significant (p<0.05) reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL)levels as well as the atherogenic index compared to the P-407induced hyperlipidemic control mice after 24 h of treatment at a single dose of 500 mg/kg p.o. Both the leaf and root extracts significantly (p<0.05) reduced the serum TC, TG, VLDL and LDL levels as well as the atherogenic index compared to P-407 induced hyperlipidemic control rats after 4 days of pretreatment at a dose of 250 mg/kg/day p.o. The lipid lowering effects were compared with standard drug atorvastatin (50 mg/kg p.o.). Furthermore, both extracts showed potential to moderate scavenging activity of superoxide,nitric oxide and DPPH free radicals. In DPPH radical scavenging assay the IC_(50) values of the leaf and root extracts were found to be 425.79 and 20.26 μg/ml, respectively while ascorbic acid has the IC_(50) value 16.34 μg/ml. The IC_(50)values of the leaf and root extracts against superoxide radicals were found to be 109.57 and 366.2 μg/ml,respectively which were comparable to that of ascorbic acid (99.66 μg/ml). The findings of the investigation demonstrated both antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of the leaf and root extracts of P. esculenta which could help in prevention of hyperlipidemia associated disorders.

Gender Diversity and Financial Stability: Evidence from Malaysian Listed Firms

AL-ABSY, Mujeeb Saif Mohsen,ALMAAMARI, Qais,ALKADASH, Tamer,HABTOOR, Ammar Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.12

This study examines the relationship between gender diversity (women on the board and women on the audit committee) and a firm's financial stability. The ordinary least square analysis was used to determine the relationship. To measure the financial stability of Malaysian suspect firms, i.e., firms with the lowest positive earnings, the Altman (1993) Z-Score measurement was utilized. The results indicate that women on the board are significantly and negatively associated with the firm's financial stability. That is, they are related to low financial stability, which contradicts the agency and resource dependence theories. Regarding women directors on the audit committee, there is no significant relationship with financial stability, meaning that they cannot protect the company against financial distress. These results are robust and do not change when using different measurements of gender diversity, one-year lag of independent variables, and other methods of analysis, namely random effect panel data. This study is the first to alert policymakers, stakeholders, researchers, and society in general to the need to re-evaluate and strengthen the role of women directors in improving firms' financial stability, particularly in emerging economies like Malaysia.

Evaluation of hair growth properties of Topical Kombucha tea extracts

Alboreadi Mohammed Ayad,Al-Najdawi Manal Mamdouh,Jarrar Qais Bashir,Moshawih Said 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2022 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.22 No.1

Consuming functional foods and drinks such as kombucha tea is believed to give many beneficial effects for promoting immunity and preventing cancer. The fermented tea with sugar and symbiotic culture of yeast and bacteria is also useful in the topical application for hair re-growth. This study aims to investigate hair re-growth properties of kombucha black tea and chamomile with and without methylsulfonylmethane. Treatments were applied topically to denuded Balb/c mice and observed for hair growth initiation time, density and length in 15 and 30 days in addition to microbiological identification of the main yeast and bacteria. Results showed significantly better hair density and length in groups treated with kombucha black tea with and without MSM, followed by kombucha chamomile tea with and without MSM respectively. In addition, it has been found that MSM promotes hair growth significantly when combined with kombucha ferments. Microbiological analysis indicated the presence of Zygosaccharomyces bailii and Acetobacter genus in the tea broth. Black tea kombucha with MSM can be used as a natural alternative therapy for hair fall and a cost-effective treatment with fewer side effects compared to the synthetic drugs.

Ligand-based virtual screening, consensus molecular docking, multi-target analysis and comprehensive ADMET profiling and MD stimulation to find out noteworthy tyrosine kinase inhibitor with better efficacy and accuracy

Arifur Rahman,Nazmul Hasan Naheed,Sabreena Chowdhury Raka,Nazmul Qais,AZM Ruhul Momen 경희대학교 융합한의과학연구소 2020 Oriental Pharmacy and Experimental Medicine Vol.20 No.4

Inhibition of BCR–ABL tyrosine kinase plays a crucial role in the management of chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The suppression of CML is getting harder because of a distinct pattern of resistance. Developing new types of ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors along with ABL2, CSF1R, KIT, LCK, PDGFRA, and PDGFRB inhibitors is the main objective of this study that may overcome the drug resistance issue. The current study has been conducted using a kinase database containing 177,000 bioactive molecules, the top 135 molecules were selected with the best docking score and subjected to comprehensive ADMET profiling, multi-target analysis. Based on consensus molecular docking score (AutoDock, Chimera, Achilles, and Mcule), 22 molecules have been screened out which later undertaken for ADME/T profiling. After profiling of ADME/T data, selected molecules subjected to docking with multiple targets. Finally, molecular dynamics simulations had performed to screen the binding accuracy of the four lead molecules with ABL1. MD simulations of the desired complex (ABL1, ABL2, CSF1R, KIT, LCK, PDGFRA, and PDGFRB, among them ABL1 was the prime target) performed and found that PCID 10181160 and PCID 72724706 are the most promising inhibitors comparing to imatinib. These lead molecules are the potential CML inhibitors that could resolve the resistance pattern. Further chemical synthesis, wet lab analysis, and experimental validation deserve the utmost attention.

2D-QSAR and molecular docking studies of carbamate derivatives to discover novel potent anti-butyrylcholinesterase agents for Alzheimer's disease treatment

Hassan Nour,Oussama Abchir,Salah Belaidi,Faizan Abul Qais,Samir Chtita,Said Belaaouad 대한화학회 2022 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.43 No.2

Currently, anti-butyrylcholinesterase (anti-BuChE)is among the greatest therapeutic agents for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. In this research, a series of 36 carbamate derivatives were subjected to a quantitative structure?activity relationships study using DFT and Lipinski's descriptors. Multiple linear regression (MLR) was used to explore the relationships between the structural features of these compounds and BuChE inhibitory activity. In order to generate results applicable in the experimental plan, the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development guidelines were adopted. The quality of MLR model was evaluated by several statistical parameters including internal and external validation parameters (R2, R2adj, F, VIF, R2test, Q2CV, R2Rand, Q2CV [Rand], and cRp2). The built model displayed a high predictive power (R2test =?0.817). What is more, the internal validation parameters (Q2CV =?0.774; average R2Rand =?0.118; average Q2CV [Rand] =??0.438; cRp2 =?0.820) highlight the robustness of our built model. Besides, the obtained result revealed that anti-BuChE activity is mainly attributed to the following molecular descriptors: octanol?water partition (log P), highest occupied molecular orbital energy (EHOMO), total energy (ET), and dipole moment (?). Based on these findings, a series of newer synthesizable compounds with enhanced anti-BuChE activities were designed and their ADMET and drug-likeness properties were further predicted to filter out compounds likely to fail during drug development stages. Finally, molecular docking and molecular dynamics were performed to identify the binding types between the best designed compounds and BuChE enzyme.

Symptomatic improvement with gluten restriction in irritable bowel syndrome: a prospective, randomized, double blinded placebo controlled trial

( Vinay G Zanwar ),( Sunil V Pawar ),( Pravir A Gambhire ),( Samit S Jain ),( Ravindra G Surude ),( Vinaya B Shah ),( Qais Q Contractor ),( Pravin M Rathi ) 대한장연구학회 2016 Intestinal Research Vol.14 No.4

Background/Aims: The existence of non-celiac gluten sensitivity has been debated. Indeed, the intestinal and extra-intestinal symptoms of many patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) but without celiac disease or wheat allergy have been shown to improve on a gluten-free diet. Therefore, this study set out to evaluate the effects of gluten on IBS symptoms. Methods: We performed a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled rechallenge trial in a tertiary care hospital with IBS patients who fulfilled the Rome III criteria. Patients with celiac disease and wheat allergy were appropriately excluded. The participants were administered a gluten-free diet for 4 weeks and were asked to complete a symptom-based questionnaire to assess their overall symptoms, abdominal pain, bloating, wind, and tiredness on the visual analog scale (0-100) at the baseline and every week thereafter. The participants who showed improvement were randomly assigned to one of two groups to receive either a placebo (gluten-free breads) or gluten (whole cereal breads) as a rechallenge for the next 4 weeks. Results: In line with the protocol analysis, 60 patients completed the study. The overall symptom score on the visual analog scale was significantly different between the two groups (P <0.05). Moreover, the patients in the gluten intervention group scored significantly higher in terms of abdominal pain, bloating, and tiredness (P <0.05), and their symptoms worsened within 1 week of the rechallenge. Conclusions: A gluten diet may worsen the symptoms of IBS patients. Therefore, some form of gluten sensitivity other than celiac disease exists in some of them, and patients with IBS may benefit from gluten restrictions. (Intest Res 2016;14:343-350)