Genetics of the Resistance to Powdery Mildew Disease in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

Waraluk Kasettranan,Prakit Somta,Peerasak Srinives 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.1

Powdery mildew disease caused by the fungus Erysiphe polygoni D.C. is an important disease of mungbean. Loss can be more serious if the disease attacks at seedling stage. In this paper, we report genetics of the resistance to powdery mildew disease in mungbean using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the susceptible parent “KPS1” and the resistant parent “VC6468-11-1A”. Five hundred and ninety-two RILs were developed by random descending from 200 F2 plants. The population was evaluated against the fungus in field and greenhouse conditions. The data were analyzed following a nested design for selfpollinating plants to determine genetic heritability of powdery mildew resistance. The severity of the infestation was measured by using disease index (DI) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Both values showed continuous distribution in the RILs. Under field conditions, the narrow-sense heritability of DI and AUDPC were 0.67 and 0.48, respectively. While under greenhouse conditions, the values were 0.68 and 0.62, respectively. The results suggested that the resistance is quantitatively inherited with high heritability and predominantly additive gene action. To develop powdery mildew-resistant mungbean varieties, the plant breeder can select for resistant lines by using standard selection procedures for self-pollinating crops, viz. pedigree selection, bulk selection, early generation testing, and single-seed descent. Powdery mildew disease caused by the fungus Erysiphe polygoni D.C. is an important disease of mungbean. Loss can be more serious if the disease attacks at seedling stage. In this paper, we report genetics of the resistance to powdery mildew disease in mungbean using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the susceptible parent “KPS1” and the resistant parent “VC6468-11-1A”. Five hundred and ninety-two RILs were developed by random descending from 200 F2 plants. The population was evaluated against the fungus in field and greenhouse conditions. The data were analyzed following a nested design for selfpollinating plants to determine genetic heritability of powdery mildew resistance. The severity of the infestation was measured by using disease index (DI) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Both values showed continuous distribution in the RILs. Under field conditions, the narrow-sense heritability of DI and AUDPC were 0.67 and 0.48, respectively. While under greenhouse conditions, the values were 0.68 and 0.62, respectively. The results suggested that the resistance is quantitatively inherited with high heritability and predominantly additive gene action. To develop powdery mildew-resistant mungbean varieties, the plant breeder can select for resistant lines by using standard selection procedures for self-pollinating crops, viz. pedigree selection, bulk selection, early generation testing, and single-seed descent.

Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Powdery Mildew Resistance in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

Kasettranan, Waraluk,Somta, Prakit,Srinives, Peerasak 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.3

Powdery mildew disease in mungbean is caused by the fungus, Erysiphe polygoni D.C. We identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling resistance to the disease in a RIL population of 190 $F_7$ lines. The population was developed from the cross between a susceptible cultivar, "Kamphaeng Saen 1" and a resistant line, "VC6468-11-1A". Reaction to the disease was evaluated for resistance in field and greenhouse conditions. Results from analysis of variance revealed that 15 SSR loci on three linkage groups (LG) associated with the resistance. Composite interval mapping consistently identified two QTLs on two LGs, qPMR-1 and qPMR-2, conferring the resistance. qPMR-1 and qPMR-2 accounted for 20.10 and 57.81% of the total variation for plant response to the disease, respectively. Comparison based on common markers used in our and previous studies suggested that qPMR-2 is possibly the same as the major QTL reported earlier using another resistant source. The SSR markers flanking and closely linked to qPMR-1 CEDG282 and CEDGI91) and qPMR-2 (MB-SSR238 and CEDGl66) are useful for marker-assisted selection for mungbean resistance to powdery mildew.

Genetics of the Resistance to Powdery Mildew Disease in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

Kasettranan, Waraluk,Somta, Prakit,Srinives, Peerasak 한국작물학회 2009 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.12 No.1

Powdery mildew disease caused by the fungus Erysiphe polygoni D.C. is an important disease of mungbean. Loss can be more serious if the disease attacks at seedling stage. In this paper, we report genetics of the resistance to powdery mildew disease in mungbean using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from a cross between the susceptible parent "KPS1" and the resistant parent "VC6468-11-1A". Five hundred and ninety-two RILs were developed by random descending from $200\;F_2$ plants. The population was evaluated against the fungus in field and greenhouse conditions. The data were analyzed following a nested design for self-pollinating plants to determine genetic heritability of powdery mildew resistance. The severity of the infestation was measured by using disease index (DI) and area under disease progress curve (AUDPC). Both values showed continuous distribution in the RILs. Under field conditions, the narrow-sense heritability of Dr and AUDPC were 0.67 and 0.48, respectively. While under greenhouse conditions, the values were 0.68 and 0.62, respectively. The results suggested that the resistance is quantitatively inherited with high heritability and predominantly additive gene action. To develop powdery mildew-resistant mungbean varieties, the plant breeder can select for resistant lines by using standard selection procedures for self-pollinating crops, viz. pedigree selection, bulk selection, early generation testing, and single-seed descent.

Development of Tetraploid Plants from an Interspecific Hybrid between Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata)

Chaisan, Tanapon,Somta, Prakit,Srinives, Peerasak,Chanprame, Sontichai,Kaveeta, Rangsarid,Dumrongkittikule, Surapong 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.1

Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and rice bean (V. umbellata) (both species 2n = 2x = 22) have desirable traits that complement each other. In this study, we rescued embryos from a cross between mungbean cv. "Kamphaeng Saen 2" and rice bean cv. "Miyazaki" and resolved the hybrid sterility problem by colchicine treatment. The interspecific hybrids were obtained when Kamphaeng Saen 2 was used as the female parent. Four out of 80 immature seeds at 12 days old were able to germinate on an MS medium supplemented with 1 mg $L^{-1}$ IAA, 0.2 mg $L^{-1}$ kinetin, and 500 mg $L^{-1}$ casein hydrolysate. Forty random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) primers were screened for polymorphism among the parents, and two specific primers were finally chosen for testing of hybridity. Using the two primers, all putative $F_1$ hybrids were confirmed as the interspecific hybrids. To observe their fertility, some of the hybrid seedlings were transplanted. The hybrid produced flowers profusely but failed to set pods. To overcome the sterility, plants were induced to become tetraploid by colchicine treatment in vitro. The ploidy level of the regenerated seedlings was confirmed from leaf DNA using a flow cytometer. Three out of 20 hybrid seedlings (15%) were successfully induced from diploid to tetraploid by a colchicine concentration of 2 g $L^{-1}$. The tetraploid hybrids were able to produce flowers and set pods normally.

Evaluation of Mungbean Genotypes Based on Yield Stability and Reaction to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus Disease

AKM Mahbubul Alam,Prakit Somta,Choosak Jompuk,Prasert Chatwachirawong,Peerasak Srinives 한국식물병리학회 2014 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.30 No.3

This work was conducted to identify mungbean genotypesshowing yield stability and resistance to mungbeanyellow mosaic virus (MYMV) disease. Sixteen genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications for two years (2011 and 2012) at three locations (Gazipur, Ishurdi and Madaripur) of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. An analysis of variance exhibited significant effects of genotype (G), environment (E), and genotype × environment (G×E) on grain yield. Among eight agronomiccharacters, the principal component 1 (PC1) was always higher than the PC2. Considering G×E interaction, BM6 was the best genotype at all three locationsin both years. Based on grain yield and stability performance, BM6 ranked first while the worst performinggenotypes were BM1 and G10. Based on discriminationand representation, Gazipur was identified as an ideal environment for these mungbeans. Relationshipbetween soil-plant analysis developments (SPAD) value was positive with yield but negative with MYMV severity. BM6, G1 and G2 were considered as promisingsources of resistance for low disease score and stable response across the environments. The environment proved to have an influence on MYMV infection under natural infestation. A positive correlation was observed between disease score and the temperature under naturalgrowing condition.

Development of Tetraploid Plants from an Interspecific Hybrid between Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and Rice Bean (Vigna umbellata)

Tanapon Chaisan,Peerasak Srinives,Prakit Somta,Sontichai Chanprame,Rangsarid Kaveeta,Surapong Dumrongkittikule 한국작물학회 2013 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.16 No.1

Mungbean (Vigna radiata) and rice bean (V. umbellata) (both species 2n = 2x = 22) have desirable traits that complement each other. In this study, we rescued embryos from a cross between mungbean cv. “Kamphaeng Saen 2” and rice bean cv. “Miyazaki” and resolved the hybrid sterility problem by colchicine treatment. The interspecific hybrids were obtained when Kamphaeng Saen 2 was used as the female parent. Four out of 80 immature seeds at 12 days old were able to germinate on an MS medium supplemented with 1 mg L-1 IAA, 0.2 mg L-1 kinetin, and 500 mg L-1 casein hydrolysate. Forty random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD)primers were screened for polymorphism among the parents, and two specific primers were finally chosen for testing of hybridity. Using the two primers, all putative F1 hybrids were confirmed as the interspecific hybrids. To observe their fertility, some of the hybrid seedlings were transplanted. The hybrid produced flowers profusely but failed to set pods. To overcome the sterility, plants were induced to become tetraploid by colchicine treatment in vitro. The ploidy level of the regenerated seedlings was confirmed from leaf DNA using a flow cytometer. Three out of 20 hybrid seedlings (15%) were successfully induced from diploid to tetraploid by a colchicine concentration of 2 g L-1. The tetraploid hybrids were able to produce flowers and set pods normally.

Mapping of Quantitative Trait Loci Controlling Powdery Mildew Resistance in Mungbean (Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek)

Waraluk Kasettranan,Peerasak Srinives,Prakit Somta 한국작물학회 2010 Journal of crop science and biotechnology Vol.13 No.3

Powdery mildew disease in mungbean is caused by the fungus, Erysiphe polygoni D.C. We identified two quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling resistance to the disease in a RIL population of 190 F7 lines. The population was developed from the cross between a susceptible cultivar, “Kamphaeng Saen 1” and a resistant line, “VC6468-11-1A”. Reaction to the disease was evaluated for resistance in field and greenhouse conditions. Results from analysis of variance revealed that 15 SSR loci on three linkage groups (LG) associated with the resistance. Composite interval mapping consistently identified two QTLs on two LGs, qPMR-1 and qPMR-2, conferring the resistance. qPMR-1 and qPMR-2 accounted for 20.10 and 57.81% of the total variation for plant response to the disease,respectively. Comparison based on common markers used in our and previous studies suggested that qPMR-2 is possibly the same as the major QTL reported earlier using another resistant source. The SSR markers flanking and closely linked to qPMR-1(CEDG282 and CEDG191) and qPMR-2 (MB-SSR238 and CEDG166) are useful for marker-assisted selection for mungbean resistance to powdery mildew.

Evaluation of Mungbean Genotypes Based on Yield Stability and Reaction to Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Virus Disease

Alam, A.K.M. Mahbubul,Somta, Prakit,Jompuk, Choosak,Chatwachirawong, Prasert,Srinives, Peerasak The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2014 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.30 No.3

This work was conducted to identify mungbean genotypes showing yield stability and resistance to mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) disease. Sixteen genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with two replications for two years (2011 and 2012) at three locations (Gazipur, Ishurdi and Madaripur) of the Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute. An analysis of variance exhibited significant effects of genotype (G), environment (E), and genotype ${\times}$ environment ($G{\times}E$) on grain yield. Among eight agronomic characters, the principal component 1 (PC1) was always higher than the PC2. Considering $G{\times}E$ interaction, BM6 was the best genotype at all three locations in both years. Based on grain yield and stability performance, BM6 ranked first while the worst performing genotypes were BM1 and G10. Based on discrimination and representation, Gazipur was identified as an ideal environment for these mungbeans. Relationship between soil-plant analysis developments (SPAD) value was positive with yield but negative with MYMV severity. BM6, G1 and G2 were considered as promising sources of resistance for low disease score and stable response across the environments. The environment proved to have an influence on MYMV infection under natural infestation. A positive correlation was observed between disease score and the temperature under natural growing condition.