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Backpacker Activities and Personal Values : An Sem Approach
Cody Paris,Victor Teye 세계문화관광학회 2008 Conference Proceedings Vol.9 No.0
Backpackers have been distinguished by their demographics, motivations, behaviors, and activities. This transnational study proposes a value-activity model that examines the causal relationship among personal values and travel activity participation for backpacker tourists. Backpackers' values, using a modified Rokeach values scale, and activities were measured using a questionnaire that was administered through Facebook and Lonely Planet's Thorn Tree Forums. The structural equation model suggests that backpackers' personal values can significantly influence the activities that they participate in, and the personal values of backpackers' are hierarchical which in tum creates a hierarchical structure for the activities that they participate in.
Cody Paris,Victor Teye 세계문화관광학회 2008 Conference Proceedings Vol.9 No.0
Mobility is inherently part of the backpacker phenomenon. In the past the mobility has been physical, but recent innovations in communication technology, in particular online social communities, have added a virtual component to the mobility of backpackers. This study explores the complex sociality backpackers now maintain by examining the convergence of the internet and communication technologies and physical travel before, during, and after backpackers' trips. The results of the study suggest that backpackers now maintain a complex sociality made up of face to face interactions, virtual interactions, and co-presence. Backpackers have fully adapted the new communication tools into their travel activities.
자율주행자동차를 위한 임의측정경로 제공 LIDAR 연구개발
이경연(Kyungyeon(Paris) Lee) 한국자동차공학회 2015 한국자동차공학회 부문종합 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.5
These days, Smart Car Technology became the center of common interest for car industry companies, especially using that: Autonomous Driving & ADAS(Advanced Driver Assistance System). In order to drive autonomous, it is needed ahead that to read surroundings using sensors attached on car, moreover to search proper ways, to defect obstacles for avoiding, and to communicate with other cars on the key informations such as establishing safe distance, all those after automatically. For ADAS, likewise, it is also needed to sense environments using those attachment on car, then notice the driver or turn some control devices to prevent and to avoid an accident. This study is for LIDAR(Light Detection And Ranging) on the Autonomous Driving Car, which is necessary for reading environments. To solve the problem from the fixed laser discharge angle and measurement path of the prior model, laser angle was freely picked and controlled for produce free path for minimize blind spots, enhance measuring for specific location, and also lower the necessity of the additional sensors.
Endocrown restorations for extensively damaged posterior teeth: clinical performance of three cases
Konstantinos Tzimas,Maria Tsiafitsa,Paris Gerasimou,Effrosyni Tsitrou 대한치과보존학회 2018 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.43 No.4
The restoration of endodontically treated teeth (ETT) with more than one cusp missing and thin remaining walls is challenging for the general practitioner. The use of posts combined with full coverage restorations is a well-established approach, yet not following the minimal invasive principles of adhesive dentistry. Endocrowns are indirect monoblock restorations that use the pulp chamber of the ETT for retention. In this study the fabrication of 4 endocrowns and their clinical performance will be discussed. Two clinical cases include computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing manufactured molar endocrowns (one feldspathic ceramic and one hybrid composite-ceramic restoration) and the other two are dental laboratory manufactured resin composite premolar endocrown restorations. The modified United States Public Health Service criteria were used to assess the clinical behavior of the restorations at different follow up periods. Endocrown restorations present a satisfactory clinical alternative, either by the use of resin composite or glass ceramic and hybrid materials. Specific guidelines with minimal alterations should be followed for an endocrown restoration to be successful. Due to limited evidence regarding the long term evaluation of this restorative technique, a careful selection of cases should be applied.
Sim, Min Sub,Paris, Guillaume,Adkins, Jess F.,Orphan, Victoria J.,Sessions, Alex L. Pergamon Press 2017 Geochimica et cosmochimica acta Vol.206 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Microbial sulfate reduction exhibits a normal isotope effect, leaving unreacted sulfate enriched in <SUP>34</SUP>S and producing sulfide that is depleted in <SUP>34</SUP>S. However, the magnitude of sulfur isotope fractionation is quite variable. The resulting changes in sulfur isotope abundance have been used to trace microbial sulfate reduction in modern and ancient ecosystems, but the intracellular mechanism(s) underlying the wide range of fractionations remains unclear. Here we report the concentrations and isotopic ratios of sulfur metabolites in the dissimilatory sulfate reduction pathway of <I>Desulfovibrio alaskensis</I>. Intracellular sulfate and APS levels change depending on the growth phase, peaking at the end of exponential phase, while sulfite accumulates in the cell during stationary phase. During exponential growth, intracellular sulfate and APS are strongly enriched in <SUP>34</SUP>S. The fractionation between internal and external sulfate is up to 49‰, while at the same time that between external sulfate and sulfide is just a few permil. We interpret this pattern to indicate that enzymatic fractionations remain large but the net fractionation between sulfate and sulfide is muted by the closed-system limitation of intracellular sulfate. This ‘reservoir effect’ diminishes upon cessation of exponential phase growth, allowing the expression of larger net sulfur isotope fractionations. Thus, the relative rates of sulfate exchange across the membrane versus intracellular sulfate reduction should govern the overall (net) fractionation that is expressed. A strong reservoir effect due to vigorous sulfate reduction might be responsible for the well-established inverse correlation between sulfur isotope fractionation and the cell-specific rate of sulfate reduction, while at the same time intraspecies differences in sulfate uptake and/or exchange rates could account for the significant scatter in this relationship. Our approach, together with ongoing investigations of the kinetic isotope fractionation by key enzymes in the sulfate reduction pathway, should provide an empirical basis for a quantitative model relating the magnitude of microbial isotope fractionation to their environmental and physiological controls.</P>
A Scalable Recovery Tree Construction Scheme Considering Spatial Locality of Packet Loss
( Jinsuk Baek ),( Jehan-francois Paris ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2008 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.2 No.2
Packet losses tend to occur during short error bursts separated by long periods of relatively error-free transmission. There is also a significant spatial correlation in loss among the receiver nodes in a multicast session. To recover packet transmission errors at the transport layer, tree-based protocols construct a logical tree for error recovery before data transmission is started. The current tree construction scheme does not scale well because it overloads the sender node. We propose a scalable recovery tree construction scheme considering these properties. Unlike the existing tree construction schemes, our scheme distributes some tasks normally handled by the sender node to specific nodes acting as repair node distributors. It also allows receiver nodes to adaptively re-select their repair node when they experience unacceptable error recovery delay. Simulation results show that our scheme constructs the logical tree with reduced message and time overhead. Our analysis also indicates that it provides fast error recovery, since it can reduce the number of additional retransmissions from its upstream repair nodes or sender node.