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      • KCI등재

        Anti-Inflammatory Action of Blueberry Polyphenols in HIG-82 Rabbit Synoviocytes

        Sanique South,Jacquelynn Lucero,Parakat Vijayagopal,Shanil Juma 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.10

        Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune and chronic inflammatory disease resulting in joint destruction and disability in the adult population. The etiology of RA is not well understood and presently there is no known cure for this disease. The accumulation and proliferation of fibroblast-like synoviocytes may be involved in cartilage destruction. Both in vitro and in vivo studies support an anti-inflammatory role of dietary polyphenols, the bioactive constituents found in fruits and vegetables. The objective of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory role of blueberry polyphenols (BBPs) using rabbit synoviocytes stimulated with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα). Rabbit synoviocytes (HIG-82) were treated with varying doses of BBPs and stimulated with TNFα. Stimulation of rabbit synoviocytes with the proinflammatory cytokine TNFα increased cell proliferation by ∼19% compared with the nonstimulated control. Cell proliferation was significantly decreased in a dose-dependent manner by the treatment with BBPs. Post-TNFα stimulation, cells treated with BBPs resulted in decreases in interleukin 1 beta and nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) concentration. Reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that matrix metalloproteinase 3 increased fivefold in the control TNFα-stimulated group, but was decreased by threefold in the blueberry treatment group. These results suggest that downregulation of proinflammatory cytokines and transcription factor NFκB by naturally occurring bioactives such as BBPs may be a potential therapeutic strategy for reducing inflammation associated with RA.

      • KCI등재

        Effect of Tart Cherry Polyphenols on Osteoclast Differentiation and Activity

        Amber Thomas,Sanique South,Parakat Vijayagopal,Shanil Juma 한국식품영양과학회 2020 Journal of medicinal food Vol.23 No.1

        Bone is maintained by an intricate balance between bone formation and bone resorption. The presence of inflammation can contribute to an imbalance in bone homeostasis by enhancing differentiation and activity of osteoclasts, the cells that participate in the breakdown of bone. Polyphenols such as flavonoids found in plant-derived foods have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in various tissues. Tart cherries are a rich source of such polyphenolic compounds. Using mouse macrophage cells (RAW 264.7), we examined whether tart cherry polyphenols could dose dependently inhibit the proliferation and activity of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) differentiated osteoclasts under inflammatory conditions. Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity and staining of TRAP-positive multinucleated cells, used as indicators of osteoclast differentiation and activity, tended to decrease with tart cherry polyphenols treatment. Osteoprotegerin expression by osteoclasts was decreased in a similar manner. A significant increase in nitrite concentration was observed with the lower doses of tart cherry polyphenols of 50 and 100 μg/mL (P < .05). However, higher doses of tart cherry polyphenols (200 and 300 μg/mL) reduced nitrite concentrations below that of the control that received no tart cherry polyphenols treatment (P < .05). Western blot analyses showed that protein expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) followed a similar trend, although results were not statistically significant. On the other hand, tart cherry polyphenols treatments dose dependently increased inducible nitric oxide synthase protein expression, with statistical significance noted at doses of 200 and 300 μg/mL. Overall, our findings suggest that the polyphenols associated with tart cherries potentially inhibit osteoclast differentiation and activity, which may be beneficial to bone health.

      • KCI등재

        Effect of Blueberry Polyphenols on 3T3-F442A Preadipocyte Differentiation

        Shiwani S. Moghe,Shanil Juma,Victorine Imrhan,Parakat Vijayagopal 한국식품영양과학회 2012 Journal of medicinal food Vol.15 No.5

        Today obesity is an epidemic, and its prevalence has increased significantly over the last few decades. To avoid excessive accumulation of fat, optimum energy intake along with regular exercise is mandatory. Polyphenols present in green tea, grape seeds, orange, and grapefruit combat adipogenesis at the molecular level and also induce lipolysis. However,very little is known regarding the role of blueberry polyphenols on adipocyte differentiation. Hence we tested the dosedependent effects of blueberry polyphenols on mouse 3T3-F442A preadipocyte differentiation and lipolysis. 3T3-F442A preadipocytes were incubated with three doses of blueberry polyphenols (150, 200, and 250 lg/mL [BB-150, BB-200, and BB-250, respectively]), and intracellular lipid content, cell proliferation, and lipolysis were assayed. Blueberry polyphenols suppressed adipocyte differentiation determined by Oil Red-O staining and AdipoRed assay. Intracellular lipid content in control (11,385.51 – 1,169.6 relative fluorescence units) was significantly higher (P < .05) than with the three doses of blueberry polyphenols (8336.86 – 503.57, 4235.67 – 323.17, and 3027.97 – 346.61, respectively). This corresponds to a reduction of 27%, 63%, and 74%, respectively. Cell proliferation was observed to be significantly higher in the control (0.744 – 0.035 optical density units) than with BB-150 (0.517 – 0.031), BB-200 (0.491 – 0.023), and BB-250 (0.455 – 0.012). However, when tested for lipolysis, there was no significant difference observed among the groups. We conclude that blueberry polyphenols may play an effective role in inhibiting adipogenesis and cell proliferation.

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