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Analysis of Particle Rearrangement during Sintering by Micro Focus Computed Tomography (μCT)
Nothe M.,Schulze M.,Grupp R.,Kieback B.,Haibel A.,Banhart J. 한국분말야금학회 2006 한국분말야금학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2006 No.1
The decrease of the distance between particle centers due to the growth of the sinter necks can be explained by the well known two-particle model. Unfortunately this model fails to provide a comprehensive description of the processes for 3D specimens. Furthermore, there is a significant discrepancy between the calculated and the measured shrinkage because particle rearrangements are not considered. Only the recently developed analysis of the particle movements inside of 3D specimens using micro focus computed tomography (μCT), combined with photogrammetric image analysis, can deliver the necessary experimental data to improve existing sintering theories. In this work, μCT analysis was applied to spherical copper powders. Based on photogrammetric image analysis, it is possible to determine the positions of all particle centers for tracking the particles over the entire sintering process and to follow the formation and breaking of the particle bonds. In this paper, we present an in-depth analysis of the obtaine data. In the future, high resolution synchrotron radiation tomography will be utilized to obtain in-situ data and images of higher resolution.
Integrated Biosensor for Rapid and Point-of-Care Sepsis Diagnosis
Min, Jouha,Nothing, Maria,Coble, Ben,Zheng, Hui,Park, Jongmin,Im, Hyungsoon,Weber, Georg F.,Castro, Cesar M.,Swirski, Filip K.,Weissleder, Ralph,Lee, Hakho American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.4
<P>Sepsis is an often fatal condition that arises when the immune response to an infection causes widespread systemic organ injury. A critical unmet need in combating sepsis is the lack of accurate early biomarkers that produce actionable results in busy clinical settings. Here, we report the development of a point-of-care platform for rapid sepsis detection. Termed IBS (integrated biosensor for sepsis), our approach leverages (i) the pathophysiological role of cytokine interleukin-3 (IL-3) in early sepsis and (ii) a hybrid magneto-electrochemical sensor for IL-3 detection. The developed platform produces test results within 1 h from native blood samples and detects IL-3 at a sensitivity of <10 pg/mL; this performance is >5-times faster and >10-times more sensitive than conventional enzyme-linked immunoadsorbent assays, the current gold standard. Using clinical samples, we show that elevated plasma IL-3 levels are associated with high organ failure rate and thus greater risk of mortality, confirming the potential of IL-3 as a sepsis diagnostic biomarker. With further system development (<I>e</I>.<I>g</I>., full automation, data security measures) and rigorous validation studies, the compact and fast IBS could be a practical clinical tool for timely diagnosis and proactive treatment of sepsis.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>