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Zika virus infection of adult and fetal <i>STAT2</i> knock-out hamsters
Siddharthan, Venkatraman,Van Wettere, Arnaud J.,Li, Rong,Miao, Jinxin,Wang, Zhongde,Morrey, John D.,Julander, Justin G. 3M Company 2017 Virology Vol.507 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Zika virus (ZIKV) infection was investigated in adult and fetal <I>STAT2</I> knock-out (KO) hamsters. Subcutaneous injection of ZIKV of adults resulted in morbidity, mortality, and infection of the uterus, placenta, brain, spinal cord, and testicles, thus providing an opportunity to evaluate congenital ZIKV infection in a second rodent species besides mice. ZIKV-infected cells with morphologies of Sertoli cells and spermatogonia were observed in the testes, which may have implications for sexual transmission and male sterility. Neonates exposed as fetuses to ZIKV at 8 days post-coitus were not smaller than controls. Nevertheless, infectious virus and ZIKV RNA was detected in some, but not all, placentas and fetal brains of KO hamsters. <I>STAT2</I> KO hamsters may be useful for addressing sexual transmission, pathogenesis, routes of fetal infection, and neurological disease outcomes, and may also be used in antiviral or vaccine studies to identify intervention strategies.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Infection of <I>STAT2</I> knock-out hamsters resulted in morbidity and mortality. </LI> <LI> The uterus, placenta, brain, spinal cord, and testicles were infected. </LI> <LI> ZIKV infected cells with morphologies of Sertoli cells and spermatogonia. </LI> <LI> ZIKV was detected in some, but not all, placentas and fetal brains of KO hamsters. </LI> <LI> Fetuses exposed to ZIKV were not smaller than controls. </LI> </UL> </P>
Yum, Jung Sun,Ahn, Byung Cheol,Jo, Hyun Jin,Kim, Dong Yeon,Kim, Ki Hyun,Kim, Hyo Sun,Sung, Young Chul,Yoon, Jaeseung,Morrey, John,Moon, Hong Mo American Society for Microbiology 2012 CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY Vol.19 No.2
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>A hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccine has been developed using a new adjuvant and HBV surface antigens produced from a CHO cell line. The purified HBV surface antigens are composed of L protein, M protein, and S protein in a mixture of 20- and 40-nm-diameter particles and filamentous forms. This HBV surface antigen, formulated with L-pampo, a proprietary adjuvant, induced 10 times more antibody than the same antigen with alum and was capable of inducing strong immune responses in three different HBV transgenic mice. In spite of the presence of a large amount of HBV antigen in the blood, no antibody against HBV surface antigen was normally detected in these transgenic mice. After immunization, the HBV antigen was also cleared from the blood.</P>