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Lambertz, C.,Panprasert, P.,Holtz, W.,Moors, E.,Jaturasitha, S.,Wicke, M.,Gauly, M. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2014 Animal Bioscience Vol.27 No.4
Twenty-four male 1-year old swamp buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) were randomly allocated to 4 groups. One group grazed on guinea grass (GG) and another on guinea grass and the legume Stylosanthes guianensis (GL). The other two groups were kept in pens and fed freshly cut guinea grass and concentrate at an amount of 1.5% (GC1.5) and 2.0% (GC2.0) of body weight, respectively. The effect of the different feeding intensities on carcass characteristics and meat quality were assessed. The mean body weight at slaughter was 398 (${\pm}16$) kg. Average daily gain was higher in concentrate-supplemented groups (570 and 540 g/d in GC1.5 and GC2.0, respectively) when compared to GG (316 g/d) and GL (354 g/d) (p<0.01). Likewise, the warm carcass weight was higher in GC1.5 and GC2.0 compared to GG and GL. Dressing percentage was 48.1% and 49.5% in GC1.5 and GC2.0 in comparison to 42.9% and 44.8% observed in GG and GL, respectively. Meat of Longissimus throracis from GC1.5 and GC2.0 was redder in color (p<0.01), while water holding capacity (drip and thawing loss) was improved in pasture-fed groups (p<0.05). Protein and fat content of Longissimus thoracis was higher in animals supplemented with concentrate (p<0.01), as was cholesterol content (p<0.05), whereas PUFA:SFA ratio was higher and n-6/n-3 ratio lower (p<0.01) in pasture-fed buffaloes. Results of the present study showed that the supplementation of pasture with concentrate enhances the growth and carcass characteristics of swamp buffaloes expressed in superior dressing percentage, better muscling, and redder meat with a higher content of protein and fat, whereas animals grazing only on pasture had a more favorable fatty acid profile and water holding capacity. In conclusion, the supplementation of concentrate at a rate of about 1.5% of body weight is recommended to improve the performance and carcass quality of buffaloes.
Multilayered Polymer-Coated Carbon Nanotubes To Deliver Dasatinib
Moore, Thomas L.,Grimes, Stuart W.,Lewis, Robert L.,Alexis, Frank American Chemical Society 2014 MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS Vol.11 No.1
<P>Multilayered, multifunctional polymer coatings were grafted onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using a one-pot, ring-opening polymerization in order to control the release kinetic and therapeutic efficacy of dasatinib. Biocompatible, biodegradable multilayered coatings composed of poly(glycolide) (PGA) and poly(lactide) (PLA) were polymerized directly onto hydroxyl-functionalized CNT surfaces. Sequential addition of monomers into the reaction vessel enabled multilayered coatings of PLA-PGA or PGA-PLA. Poly(ethylene glycol) capped the polymer chain ends, resulting in a multifunctional amphiphilic coating. Multilayer polymer coatings on CNTs enabled control of the anticancer drug dasatinib’s release kinetics and enhanced the in vitro therapeutic efficacy against U-87 glioblastoma compared to monolayer polymer coatings.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/mpohbp/2014/mpohbp.2014.11.issue-1/mp400448w/production/images/medium/mp-2013-00448w_0009.gif'></P>
Iteration domain H<sub>∞</sub>-optimal iterative learning controller design
Moore, Kevin L.,Ahn, Hyo-Sung,Chen, Yang Quan John Wiley Sons, Ltd. 2008 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ROBUST AND NONLINEAR CONT Vol.18 No.10
<P>This paper presents an H<SUB>∞</SUB>-based design technique for the synthesis of higher-order iterative learning controllers (ILCs) for plants subject to iteration-domain input/output disturbances and plant model uncertainty. Formulating the higher-order ILC problem into a high-dimensional multivariable discrete-time system framework, it is shown how the addition of input/output disturbances and plant model uncertainty to the ILC problem can be cast as an H<SUB>∞</SUB>-norm minimization problem. The distinctive feature of this formulation is to consider the uncertainty as arising in the iteration domain rather than the time domain. An algebraic approach to solving the problem in this framework is presented, resulting in a sub-optimal controller that can achieve both stability and robust performance. The key observation is that H<SUB>∞</SUB> synthesis can be used for higher-order ILC design to achieve a reliable performance in the presence of iteration-varying external disturbances and model uncertainty. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.</P>