이온들로써 양자 셈하기

Monroe, Christopher R.,Wineland, David J. 한국원자력산업회의 2009 원자력산업 Vol.29 No.2

Moving anesthesiology educational resources to the point of care: experience with a pediatric anesthesia mobile app

Katherine S. Monroe,Michael A. Evans,Shivani G. Mukkamala,Julie L. Williamson,Craig S. Jabaley,Edward R. Mariano,Vikas N. O’Reilly-Shah 대한마취통증의학회 2018 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.71 No.3

Background: Educators in all disciplines recognize the need to update tools for the modern learner. Mobile applications (apps) may be useful, but real-time data is needed to demonstrate the patterns of utilization and engagement amongst learners. Methods: We examined the use of an anesthesia app by two groups of learners (residents and anesthesiologist assistant students [AAs]) during a pediatric anesthesiology rotation. The app calculates age and weight-based information for clinical decision support and contains didactic materials for self-directed learning. The app transmitted detailed usage information to our research team. Results: Over a 12-month period, 39 participants consented; 30 completed primary study procedures (18 residents, 12 AAs). AAs used the app more frequently than residents (P = 0.025) but spent less time in the app (P < 0.001). The median duration of app usage was 2.3 minutes. During the course of the rotation, usage of the app decreased over time. ‘Succinylcholine’ was the most accessed drug, while ‘orientation’ was the most accessed teaching module. Ten (33%) believed that the use of apps was perceived to be distracting by operating room staff and surgeons. Conclusions: Real-time in-app analytics helped elucidate the actual usage of this educational resource and will guide future decisions regarding development and educational content. Further research is required to determine learners’ preferred choice of device, user experience, and content in the full range of clinical and nonclinical purposes.

PL-PatchSurfer: A Novel Molecular Local Surface-Based Method for Exploring Protein-Ligand Interactions

Hu, Bingjie,Zhu, Xiaolei,Monroe, Lyman,Bures, Mark G.,Kihara, Daisuke MDPI 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.15 No.9

<P>Structure-based computational methods have been widely used in exploring protein-ligand interactions, including predicting the binding ligands of a given protein based on their structural complementarity. Compared to other protein and ligand representations, the advantages of a surface representation include reduced sensitivity to subtle changes in the pocket and ligand conformation and fast search speed. Here we developed a novel method named PL-PatchSurfer (Protein-Ligand PatchSurfer). PL-PatchSurfer represents the protein binding pocket and the ligand molecular surface as a combination of segmented surface patches. Each patch is characterized by its geometrical shape and the electrostatic potential, which are represented using the 3D Zernike descriptor (3DZD). We first tested PL-PatchSurfer on binding ligand prediction and found it outperformed the pocket-similarity based ligand prediction program. We then optimized the search algorithm of PL-PatchSurfer using the PDBbind dataset. Finally, we explored the utility of applying PL-PatchSurfer to a larger and more diverse dataset and showed that PL-PatchSurfer was able to provide a high early enrichment for most of the targets. To the best of our knowledge, PL-PatchSurfer is the first surface patch-based method that treats ligand complementarity at protein binding sites. We believe that using a surface patch approach to better understand protein-ligand interactions has the potential to significantly enhance the design of new ligands for a wide array of drug-targets.</P>

SEMINAR REPORT : Part 2 / Seminar Proceedings ; Session 4 / Possible Areas and Means of Cooperation in the APEC Region ; Panel Discussions

(Robert Warne),(John Monroe),(Gee San) 이화여자대학교 국제통상협력연구소 1999 The Promotion of Knowledge-based Industries in the Vol.- No.-

Full Dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO): Demonstrating Commercial Feasibility

Xu, Gary,Yang Li,Jin Yuan,Monroe, Robert,Rajagopal, Sridhar,Ramakrishna, Sudhir,Young Han Nam,Ji-Yun Seol,Jaeweon Kim,Gul, Malik Muhammad Usman,Aziz, Ahsan,Jianzhong Zhang IEEE 2017 IEEE journal on selected areas in communications Vol.35 No.8

<P>Massive multi-input multi-output (MIMO) is shown to significantly increase spectral efficiency by exploiting a large number of antennas to support high-order multiuser MIMO. In 3GPP Release-13, a full-dimension MIMO (FD-MIMO) technology was introduced to address practical aspects for massive MIMO in cellular systems; extensive simulations show 2-4 times capacity gain compared with current LTE systems. FD-MIMO has been identified as one of the key 5G technologies and is being continuously improved in 3GPP new radio standards. However, several practical challenges such as interference mitigation among MIMO streams for a large number of users with limited channel feedback, hardware limitations, such as calibration errors that limit the precoding capabilities need to be addressed carefully. A proof of concept (PoC) base-station and user equipment (UE) prototype has been designed to validate the potential of FD-MIMO technology and demonstrate commercial implementation feasibility. In this paper, we present theory and architecture behind an FD-MIMO prototype and share the field test results with LTE-based UEs in a multi-user MIMO setup. We also analyze the impact of transmitter and receiver calibration errors on the performance of the FD-MIMO system.</P>

New bioactive aromatic compounds from Vismia guianensis

Seo, Eun-Kyoung,Wani, Mansukh C.,Wall, Monroe E.,Navarro, Hernan,Mukherjee, Rabindranath,Farnsworth, Norman R.,Kinghorn, A. Douglas 梨花女子大學校 藥學硏究所 2000 藥學硏究論文集 Vol.- No.9

Five benzophenones, vismiaguianones A-E, and two benzocoumarins, vismiaguianins A and B were isolated from the CHCl_3 extract of the roots of Vismia guianensis by bioassay-directcd fractionation using the DNA strand-scission assay and KB cell line. Of the isolates obtained, vismiaguianone B exhibited DNA strand-scission activity, whereas vismiaguianones D and E and vismiaguianin A were found to be significantly cytotoxic.

Computer Assisted EPID Analysis of Breast Intrafractional and Interfractional Positioning Error

Sohn Jason W.,Mansur David B.,Monroe James I.,Drzymala Robert E.,Jin Ho-Sang,Suh Tae-Suk,Dempsey James F.,Klein Eric E. Korean Society of Medical Physics 2006 의학물리 Vol.17 No.1

유방암 환자의 방사선치료에 있어 치료도중(intrafractional) 및 분할 치료 간(intefractional)에 발생되는 오차를 측정하는 자동분석소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 오차 분석 결과는 3차원 입체조형 방사선치료를 임상에 적용하기에 앞서 적절한 치료계획용적(Planning Target Volume, PTV)을 설정하는 데 있어 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 전자포탈영상장치(Electrical Portal imaging Device, EPID)로써 Portal Vision LC250 액체 충전형 이온화 검출기를 사용하였다(fast frame-averaging 모드, 초당 1.4 프레임, 256X256 픽셀). 12명의 환자에 대해 최소 7일 이상씩 영상을 획득하였다. 매 치료마다 평균 8 내지 9개의 영상을 각 빔에 대해 얻었다(분당 400 MU 선량률). 총 2,931 (720 측정을 포함하는)개의 영상을 정량적으로 분석할 수 있는 자동화 영상 분석 소프트웨어를 개발하였다. 이를 통해 호흡으로 인해 발생하는 치료도중 오차와 분할 치료간 발생하는 분할치료오차의 표준편차($\sigma$)들을 계산하였다. 신뢰 구간 95%로 임상표적체적(Clinical Target Volume, CTV)을 포함할 수 있는 PTV 마진은 $2\;(1.96\;{\sigma})$으로 계산되었다. 주로 호흡으로 인해 유발되는 치료도중오차를 보상하기 위해 필요한 PTV 마진은 2 mm에서 4 mm이었다. 반면에 분할 치료간 오차를 보상하기위해 필요한 PTV 마진은 7 mm에서 31 mm이었다. 12명의 환자에 대한 전체 평균오차는 17 mm이었다. 분할치료 간 오차는 호흡에 의해 유발되는 치료도중 오차에 비해 2배에서 15배까지 더 크게 나타났다. 유방암 치료에 있어 3차원 입체정형조사나 세기조절방사선치료(Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy, IMRT)를 적용하기에 앞서 반드시 셋업 오차의 크기를 측정하여 PTV에 적절히 반영되어야 한다. 유방에 대한 3차원 입체정형조사나 세기조절방사선치료를 위해 반드시 필요한 것은 아니지만, 큰 PTV 마진을 줄여주기 위해서는 영상유도방사선치료(Image Guided Radiation Therapy, IGRT)가 매우 유용하게 이용될 수 있다. 전자포탈영상장치 들은 본 보고서에서 기술한 바와 같은 자동분석소프트웨어를 반드시 포함하여야 한다. 이를 통해 수많은 EPID 영상들을 자동화 처리하고 오차분석을 시행함으로써 각 병원의 임상적용 방법 및 환경에 따라 상이하게 나타날 수 있는 오차의 크기를 감안한 적절한 PTV마진을 구하는데 도움을 얻을 수 있다. 이러한 장치들은 또한 최소의 노력으로 환자 치료를 관찰할 수 있는 귀중한 정보를 제공해 준다. Automated analysis software was developed to measure the magnitude of the intrafractional and interfractional errors during breast radiation treatments. Error analysis results are important for determining suitable planning target volumes (PTV) prior to Implementing breast-conserving 3-D conformal radiation treatment (CRT). The electrical portal imaging device (EPID) used for this study was a Portal Vision LC250 liquid-filled ionization detector (fast frame-averaging mode, 1.4 frames per second, 256X256 pixels). Twelve patients were imaged for a minimum of 7 treatment days. During each treatment day, an average of 8 to 9 images per field were acquired (dose rate of 400 MU/minute). We developed automated image analysis software to quantitatively analyze 2,931 images (encompassing 720 measurements). Standard deviations ($\sigma$) of intrafractional (breathing motion) and intefractional (setup uncertainty) errors were calculated. The PTV margin to include the clinical target volume (CTV) with 95% confidence level was calculated as $2\;(1.96\;{\sigma})$. To compensate for intra-fractional error (mainly due to breathing motion) the required PTV margin ranged from 2 mm to 4 mm. However, PTV margins compensating for intefractional error ranged from 7 mm to 31 mm. The total average error observed for 12 patients was 17 mm. The intefractional setup error ranged from 2 to 15 times larger than intrafractional errors associated with breathing motion. Prior to 3-D conformal radiation treatment or IMRT breast treatment, the magnitude of setup errors must be measured and properly incorporated into the PTV. To reduce large PTVs for breast IMRT or 3-D CRT, an image-guided system would be extremely valuable, if not required. EPID systems should incorporate automated analysis software as described in this report to process and take advantage of the large numbers of EPID images available for error analysis which will help Individual clinics arrive at an appropriate PTV for their practice. Such systems can also provide valuable patient monitoring information with minimal effort.

The Impact of the Earned Income Tax Credit(EITC) on Labor, Income and Poverty among Married Mothers of the US

Yoo, Iiyoung(유지영),Younghee Lim,Pamela A. Monroe 경성대학교 사회과학연구소 2015 社會科學硏究 Vol.31 No.4

미국의 EITC제도는 근로빈곤층을 위한 대표적인 소득보장 정책의 하나로 2001년 EGTRRA란 이름으로 제도가 확대되었는데, 특히 기혼부부 가구에게 유리한 쪽으로 급여 기준이 변경되었다. 이 논문은 2001년 이후 확대된 EITC가 기혼여성의 일, 소득, 그리고 빈곤에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 분석하는 논문이다. 연구자료로는 미국의 CPS 데이터를 이용하였고, 분석방법으로는 이중차이기법(difference-in-differences method)을 차용하였다. 분석결과, 2001년 기혼여성을 위한 제도의 확대에도 불구하고, EITC는 저학력 미국 기혼여성의 노동참여, 노동시간, 근로소득 그리고 총소득을 감소시키는 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났고, 빈곤에는 통계적으로 유의미한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이 결과는 미국 EITC를 위한 제도 개선 및 행정 개선 유의미한 함의를 제공하는 바이다. This paper estimates the effects of the changes in the Earned Income Tax Credit(EITC) schedule for married mothers on labor supply, income, and poverty status generated from the 2001 Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act(EGTRRA). Employing the difference-in-differences method, this study finds that the EGTRRA of 2001 reduced the labor supply, earnings, and income among less-educated married mothers compared to those among more-educated married mothers, while poverty status remains unchanged. These findings imply that the EITC is effectively subsidizing less-educated married mothers to stay home, and therefore, have implications for the design and the administration of the EITC.

Controlling the morphology of trioctyl phosphine oxide-coated cadmium selenide/poly 3-hexyl thiophene composite active layer for bulk hetero-junction solar cells

Nguyen Tam Nguyen Truong,박진호,Matthew Lowell Monroe,Umme Farva,Timothy James Anderson 한국화학공학회 2011 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.28 No.7

Bulk hetero-junction solar cells with CdSe nanoparticles-P_3HT (poly 3-hexyl thiophene) composite active layer were fabricated, and the control of morphological feature of the nanoparticle-polymer composite thin films was investigated. A binary solvent composed of a primary solvent with intermediate polarity and a secondary solvent with high polarity was found to be effective in controlling the dispersion of the CdSe nanocrystals in the P_3HT matrix, and the modification of the nanocrystal surface by liquid-liquid extraction process was found to be effective in achieving the desired composite film morphology. Surface roughness of the active layer was optimized for various loadings of CdSe nanoparticles and could be reproducibly controlled to less than 10 nm.

Fuel Sulfur Effects on the Performance of Automotive Three-Way Catalysts during Vehicle Emissions Tests

Robert L.Furey,David R.Monroe 한국자동차공학회 1987 한국자동차공학회 학술강연초록집 Vol.- No.-