Laryngeal Compensation for Voice Production After CO2 Laser Cordectomy

Zakaria Soliman,Sameh Mohammad Hosny,Mohammad Waheed El-Anwar,Amal Saeed Quriba 대한이비인후과학회 2015 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.8 No.4

Objectives. Carbon dioxide (CO2) laser cordectomy is considered one of the modalities of choice for treatment of early glottic carcinoma. In addition to its comparable oncological results with radiotherapy and open surgical procedures, it preserves of laryngeal functions including voice production. The aim of this study was to detect how the larynx compensates for voice production after different types of CO2 laser cordectomy for early glottic carcinoma together with assessment of the vocal outcome in each compensation mechanism. Methods. One hundred twelve patients treated with CO2 laser cordectomy were classified according to their main postoperative phonatory site. Perceptual analysis of voice samples using GRBAS (grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain) scale was done for 88 patients after exclusion of the voice samples of all female patients to make the study population homogenous and the samples of 18 male patients due to bad quality (4 patients) or unavailability (14 patients) of their voice samples and the results were compared with those obtained from control group that included 25 age-matched euphonic male subjects. Results. Five types of laryngeal compensation were defined including: vocal fold to vocal fold, vocal fold to vocal neofold, vocal fold to vestibular fold, vestibular fold, to vestibular fold, and arytenoids hyper adduction. Characters changes of voice produced by each compensation type were found to be statistically significant except for breathiness, asthenia and strain changes in vocal fold to vocal fold compensation type. Conclusion. The larynx can compensate for voice production after CO2 laser cordectomy by five different compensation mechanisms with none of them producing voice quality comparable with that of controls.

The Effect of Dysphagia on Quality of Life in Stroke Patients

Mohammad Al Rjoob,Nik Fariza Husna Nik Hassan,Mohd Azmarul A Aziz,Faiz Mustafar,Mohd Normani Zakaria 한국언어재활사협회 2023 Clinical Archives of Communication Disorders Vol.8 No.2

Radiation attenuation and elemental composition of locally available ceramic tiles as potential radiation shielding materials for diagnostic X-ray rooms

Zakaria Mohd Aizuddin,Abdul Razab Mohammad Khairul Azhar,Adenan Mohd Zulfadli,Ahmad Muhammad Zabidi,Tajudin Suffian Mohamad,Samson Damilola Oluwafemi,Abdul Aziz Mohd Zahri 한국원자력학회 2024 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.56 No.1

Ceramic materials are being explored as alternatives to toxic lead sheets for radiation shielding due to their favorable properties like durability, thermal stability, and aesthetic appeal. However, crafting effective ceramics for radiation shielding entails complex processes, raising production costs. To investigate local viability, this study evaluated Malaysian ceramic tiles for shielding in diagnostic X-ray rooms. Different ceramics in terms of density and thickness were selected from local manufacturers. Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence (EDXRF) and X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) characterized ceramic compositions, while Monte Carlo Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (MC PHITS) simulations determined Linear Attenuation Coefficient (LAC), Half-value Layer (HVL), Mass Attenuation Coefficient (MAC), and Mean Free Path (MFP) within the 40–150 kV energy range. Comparative analysis between MC PHITS simulations and real setups was conducted. The C3–S9 ceramic sample, known for homogeneous full-color structure, showcased superior shielding attributes, attributed to its high density and iron content. Notably, energy levels considerably impacted radiation penetration. Overall, C3–S9 demonstrated strong shielding performance, underlining Malaysia’s potential ceramic tile resources for Xray room radiation shielding.

State-Aware Re-configuration Model for Multi-Radio Wireless Mesh Networks

( Omar M. Zakaria ),( Aisha-hassan Abdalla Hashim ),( Wan Haslina Hassan ),( Othman Omran Khalifa ),( Mohammad Azram ),( Shidrokh Goudarzi ),( Lalitha Bhavani Jivanadham ),( Mahdi Zareei ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2017 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.11 No.1

Joint channel assignment and routing is a well-known problem in multi-radio wireless mesh networks for which optimal configurations is required to optimize the overall throughput and fairness. However, other objectives need to be considered in order to provide a high quality service to network users when it deployed with high traffic dynamic. In this paper, we propose a re-configuration optimization model that optimizes the network throughput in addition to reducing the disruption to the mesh clients` traffic due to the re-configuration process. In this multi-objective optimization model, four objective functions are proposed to be minimized namely maximum link-channel utilization, network average contention, channel re-assignment cost, and re-routing cost. The latter two objectives focus on reducing the re-configuration overhead. This is to reduce the amount of disrupted traffic due to the channel switching and path re-routing resulted from applying the new configuration. In order to adapt to traffic dynamics in the network which might be caused by many factors i.e. users` mobility, a centralized heuristic re-configuration algorithm called State-Aware Joint Routing and Channel Assignment (SA-JRCA) is proposed in this research based on our re-configuration model. The proposed algorithm re-assigns channels to radios and re-configures flows` routes with aim of achieving a tradeoff between maximizing the network throughput and minimizing the re-configuration overhead. The ns-2 simulator is used as simulation tool and various metrics are evaluated. These metrics include channel-link utilization, channel re-assignment cost, re-routing cost, throughput, and delay. Simulation results show the good performance of SA-JRCA in term of packet delivery ratio, aggregated throughput and re-configuration overhead. It also shows higher stability to the traffic variation in comparison with other compared algorithms which suffer from performance degradation when high traffic dynamics is applied.

Insect inventories in a mango‐based agroforestry area in Bangladesh: foraging behavior and performance of pollinators on fruit set

Md Ruhul Amin,Shakura NAMNI,Md. Ramiz Uddin MIAH,Md Giashuddin MIAH,Mohammad ZAKARIA,서상재,권용정 한국곤충학회 2015 Entomological Research Vol.45 No.4

Insect species inventories along with pest prevalence, foraging behavior of pollinators and their effect on fruit set of mango were studied in a mango‐based agroforestry area in Bangladesh during January to June 2013. Of 1751 collected insects, 11 species in five orders and nine families were pests, 13 species in six orders and eight families were predators and eight species belonging to three orders and seven families were found as pollinators. The pests exerted significantly higher abundance but lower diversity than pollinator, predator and other insects. The pollinator richness was found to be lowest but showed higher as well as similar diversity to other category insects. Three pest species prevailed throughout the season and hoppers showed significant abundance. Among the predators, ants were most abundant. Sulphur butterfly and syrphid fly revealed statistically identical and higher abundance than other pollinators. During the flowering season, pests were dominant and the abundance of insects was observed to peak at 11.00 h. The pollinators differed in their landing duration on flowers and their activity led to higher levels of fruit set. This study provides baseline information on insect abundance in an agroforestry system, which stresses the importance of conservation of beneficial insects.

Sedimentation rates in Bera Lake (Peninsular Malaysia) using 210Pb and 137Cs radioisotopes

Mohammadreza Gharibreza,John Kuna Raj,Ismail Yusoff,Zainudin Othman,Wan Zakaria Wan,Mohammad Aqeel Ashraf 한국지질과학협의회 2013 Geosciences Journal Vol.17 No.2

The evolutionary environmental history of Bera Lake was studied using the fallout radioisotopes137Cs and 210Pb. 317Cs horizons in the all ten studied cores showed a constant rate of 210Pb supply along all distinctive layers in each core. The lithology of layers significantly affected the variation of 210Pb value with depth. The chronology of Bera Lake sediment was conducted using the Constant Rate of Supply (CRS) model. The 1963 fallout maximum 137Cs from atmospheric testing of nuclear weapons found in all selected master cores at the depth of 40 cm. The mean pre-1950 sediment accumulation rate was ranged between 0.06 ± 0.02 and 0.16 ± 0.2 g cm–2 y–1. Environmental impacts of five deforestation projects performed from 1972 to 1995 at the catchment area, contributed significantly toward increasing the sedimentation rate within Bera Lake. Besides the 137Cs horizons, the charcoal horizon at the lower contact of white sandy mud revealed the datum of maximum deforestation in the study area. 210Pb dates using the CRS model correlated historical sediment fluxes to anthropogenic changes in Bera Lake catchment area. Organic-rich sediments deposited mostly at the top of the Bera Lake sediment columns with a mean rate of 0.2 ± 0.1 g cm–2 y–1 since 1994. High biomass productivity of mature oil palm plantations, which were developed in the catchment area, dictated organic-rich deposit distribution. This study highlighted capability of radioisotopes to reconstruct long-term (100–150 years) history of a natural lake at a tropical area where surrounding catchment has extensively deforested over the recent decades.