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        PEM fuel cell cathode-side flow field design optimization based on multi-criteria analysis of liquid-slug dynamics

        Yan Cao,Hamdi Ayed,Samad Jafarmadar,Mir Ali Asghar Abdollahi,Ahmed Farag,Makatar Wae-hayee,Mehran Hashemian 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.98 No.-

        Since the Gas Diffusion Layer (GDL) clearance and the residence time of produced water in gas channelsremarkably affect the proper operation of proton exchange membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells, the watermanagement in this part plays a key role. To this end, the present study aims to introduce novel andoptimized gas channels through geometrical modifications that act efficiently in terms of GDL clearanceand liquid residence time. For this purpose, the VOF (Volume of Fluid) model was employed tonumerically simulate two-phaseflow by means of afinite volume method. Several decisive parametersincluding superficial gas velocity, channel surface wettability, and channel cross-section geometry wereconsidered tofind their effects on the liquid removal behavior. The liquid removal performance wasanalyzed by two-phase pressure drop, area coverage ratio (ACR), and liquid removal time. Results havebeen compared with previous works done on the conventional rectangular channels. Interestingly, it wasfound out that for the analyzed segment of the gasflow channels, the channel with triangle cross-sectionhas superior performance in reducing ACR by 64% for inlet superficial air velocity of 0.5 m=s and 8–24.45%reduction for higher velocities (1, 1.5 and 2.5 m=s). Also, the transition from slugflow tofilmflow alsostable two-phase pressure drop were only seen in this type of channel. The ranking of channels based ontheir residence time merit is as: hexagon > pentagon > rectangular > triangle. Increment of the contactangle of hydrophilic walls causesfluctuations in the two-phase pressure drop and decreases liquid waterresidence time. For triangle channel, surface with a contact angle of 120 and for the hexagon andpentagon channels 85–120 is suggested for the best fuel cell performance.

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