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      • Proximate transition temperatures amplify linear magnetoelectric coupling in strain-disordered multiferroicBiMnO3

        Mickel, Patrick R.,Jeen, Hyoungjeen,Kumar, Pradeep,Biswas, Amlan,Hebard, Arthur F. American Physical Society 2016 Physical Review B Vol.93 No.13

        <P>We report a giant linear magnetoelectric coupling in strained BiMnO3 thin films in which the disorder associated with an islanded morphology gives rise to extrinsic relaxor ferroelectricity that is not present in bulk centrosymmetric ferromagnetic crystalline BiMnO3. Strain associated with the disorder is treated as a local variable, which couples to the two ferroic order parameters, magnetization (M) over right arrow and polarization (P) over right arrow. A straightforward 'gas under a piston' thermodynamic treatment explains the observed correlated temperature dependencies of the product of susceptibilities and the magnetoelectric coefficient together with the enhancement of the coupling by the proximity of the ferroic transition temperatures close to the relaxor freezing temperature. Our interpretation is based on a trilinear coupling term in the free energy of the form (L) over right arrow . ((P) over right arrow x (M) over right arrow), where (L) over right arrow is a hidden antiferromagnetic order parameter, previously postulated by theory for BiMnO3. This phenomenological invariant not only preserves inversion and time-reversal symmetry of the strain-induced interactions but also explains the pronounced linear magnetoelectric coupling without using the more conventional higher order biquadratic interaction proportional to ((P) over right arrow . (M) over right arrow)(2).</P>

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        Maximal strength in the deep back squat correlates with sprinting performance over short distances

        Sebastian Möck,René Hartmann,Klaus Wirth,Gregor Rosenkranz,Christoph Mickel 국민체육진흥공단 한국스포츠정책과학원 2018 International Journal of Applied Sports Sciences Vol.30 No.2

        Sprinting is characterized by a transition from propulsion via knee extending musculature during initial acceleration towards ischiocrural musculature thereafter. This may lead to a decrease of correlation of the maximal strength in the back squat and sprinting performance with increasing distance. The aim of this investigation was to show the correlation between maximal dynamic force of the extensor chain of the lower limbs and short distance sprinting performance. Therefore, sprinting performance (0-5, 0-10, 0-15, 0-20, 0-25, 0-30m) and one repetition maximum (1RM) of 51 physical education students were determined. Pearson correlation coefficients were calculated and show significant (p < 0.01) correlations for the relationships with the absolute 1RM (r = -0.661 to -0.792) and the relative 1RM (r = -0.648 to -0.739). However, a decrease in correlation over distance was not found. The results show that the maximal strength of lower extremities’ extensors is a basic requirement in short distance sprinting and should be considered in training.

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