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The Green Light across Long Island Sound: Gatsby and American Idealism
( Mark S. Ferrara ) 현대영미어문학회 1997 현대영미어문학 Vol.15 No.2
Jay Gatsby is a mythic representation of the American Dream. As such, he embodies many of the characteristics found in American Idealism, namely: a belief in possibility, optimism, creativity, and that people can transform themselves regardless of present or past conditions. The characteristics of American idealism naturally arose from the American environment that provided seemingly endless natural and social resources. In this respect James Gatz is a classic American hero because he transformed himself from a poor North Dakota farm boy into the tycoon Jay Gatsby. He created a new persona for himself at the age of 17, and was faithful to it to the end. This essay will examine the characteristics upon which the American Dream is founded. Of special interest will be the relationship Americans have created with the past, present, and future. We will see that the unique American tendency to look optimistically toward the future leads naturally to an earnest chasing of dreams, though they may seem unattainable. While it is true that pursuing his romantic idea of Daisy Buchanan is eventually Gatsby’s downfall, it is also his redemption. For it is his daring to dream and to re-make himself that makes Gatsby a classic American hero.
A RELIGIO-PHILOSOPHIC READING OF JOYCE’S STEPHEN DEDALUS
( Mark S. Ferrara ) 현대영미어문학회 1996 현대영미어문학 Vol.14 No.-
James Joyces main character in Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man (1916) is Stephen Dedal us. As a young boy Stephen writes verse and seems especially sensitive to his environment. As Stephen grows, he develops a philosophical and religious temperament, perhaps due in part to his Jesuit education. When James Joyce wrote Ulysses (1922), he included Stephen, again, as a primary character. In Ulysses, Stephen has completed his high school education and has begun his studies at the university. It becomes immediately apparent that Stephens religious and philosophical outlook has matured. He has begun to develop a religious philosophy that is a departure from traditional Jesuit theology. Indeed, Stephens revisionist ideas come to resemble quite clearly those of the Modernist movement. The purpose of this essay is to contextualize Stephen Dedalus’ religio-philosophical perspective in the light of the Modernist movement, Existentialism, as well as the more esoteric tradition of the western mystics. By locating Stephen in the context of these traditions, we gain a valuable insight into the philosophical underpinnings of Ulysses, as well as the mind of the great Irish writer James Joyce (1882-1941).