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Clinical Potential of Spirulina as a Source of Phycocyanobilin
Mark F. McCarty 한국식품영양과학회 2007 Journal of medicinal food Vol.10 No.4
Recent research reveals that free bilirubin functions physiologically as a potent inhibitor of NADPH oxidaseactivity. The chromophore phycocyanobilin (PCB), found in blue-green algae and cyanobacteria such as Spirulina, also hasbeen found to be a potent inhibitor of this enzyme complex, likely because in mammalian cells it is rapidly reduced to phy-cocyanorubin, a close homolog of bilirubin. In light of the protean roles of NADPH oxidase activation in pathology, it thusappears likely that PCB supplementation may have versatile potential in prevention and therapyparticularly in light of ro-dent studies demonstrating that orally administered Spirulinaor phycocyanin (the Spirulinaholoprotein that contains PCB)can exert a wide range of anti-inflammatory effects. Until PCB-enriched Spirulinacommercially available, the most feasible and least expensive way to administer PCB is by ingestion of whole Spirulina. Aheaping tablespoon (about 15 g) of Spirulinacan be expected to provide about 100 mg of PCB. By extrapolating from rodentstudies, it can be concluded that an intake of 2 heaping tablespoons daily would be likely to have important antioxidant ac-tivity in humansassuming that humans and rodents digest and absorb Spirulina-bound PCB in a comparable manner. Anintake of this magnitude can be clinically feasible if Spirulinasoy milk, fruit juices, and whole fruits. Such a regimen should be evaluated in clinical syndromes characterized and in partmediated by NADPH oxidase overactivity in affected tissues.