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Retrotransposons: the intrinsic genomic evolutionist
Manoj Kumar Rajput 한국유전학회 2015 Genes & Genomics Vol.37 No.2
This review is confined to a handful andessential information on retrotransposons from varioussystems/hosts. The main objective of this review to explainthat retrotransposons play a significant role in evolution bystructuring and restructuring of genomes. The implicationsdue to their structure and method of propagation makesthem agents of genome evolution and biodiversity. Theobesity of complex genomes is granted by diverse populationof retrotransposons. The diversity at every level ofbiological organization including species, individualorganism and molecules such as nucleic acid and proteinsgives rise to evolution. The mechanism of regulation andactivation of retrotransposons indicates that the retrotranaposons,which were earlier considered as junk, are veryimportant for development of an organism and these elementsplay significant role in biological evolution. Thesimilarity of retrotransposons with endoretroviruses bringsthem closer to retroviruses and helps to understand phylogenetics. The continued inheritance of retrotransposonsmay be due to evolutionary process that creates and preservestraits that are seemingly fitted for the functionalroles they perform.