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Catalytic steam reforming of biomass fast pyrolysis volatiles over Ni–Co bimetallic catalysts
Laura Santamaria,Gartzen Lopez,Aitor Arregi,Maite Artetxe,Maider Amutio,Javier Bilbao,Martin Olazar 한국공업화학회 2020 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.91 No.-
The influence of the metal selected as catalytic active phase in the two-step biomass pyrolysis-catalyticreforming strategy has been analyzed. The pyrolysis step was carried out in a conical spouted bed reactorat 500 C, whereas steam reforming was performed in afluidized bed reactor at 600 C. Ni/Al2O3,Co/Al2O3 and two bimetallic Ni-Co/Al2O3 catalysts with different metal loadings were synthesized by wetimpregnation method, and fresh and deactivated catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption/desorption, X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), Temperature Programmed Reduction (TPR), X-Ray powderDiffraction (XRD), Temperature Programmed Oxidation (TPO), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) andTransmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). Although Ni/Al2O3 and both bimetallic catalysts had similarinitial activity in terms of oxygenate conversion, (higher than 98%), the poorer metal dispersion observedin both bimetallic catalysts led to a fast decrease in conversion due to the promotion of coke formation onlarge particles. This occurred even though Ni–Co alloy formation has a positive influence by hindering theoxidation of Co0 species. The main cause for the deactivation of these catalysts is the formation of a cokewith amorphous structure. The poor initial performance of Co/Al2O3 catalyst is related to changes in theCo0 oxidation state induced by the presence of steam, which led to a fast deactivation of this catalyst.