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L. Londe,D. de Winter,H. Rebours 한국암반공학회 2006 한국암반공학회 학술대회 및 세미나 자료집 Vol.- No.-
In December 2005, Andra submitted the selected French concept for the underground disposal of nuclear waste to the French government. The concept involves various constraints, the most important of which relate to the large amount of waste, the clay host rock and the reversibility requirement. Those constraints led to a concept associating various types of disposal cells and access drifts, all being reinforced by either concrete or metal structures. Knowledge of the host rock is based on the investigations carried out at the Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory (MHM-URL), sometimes called the "Bure Site". In 1994, seismic surveys were launched and boreholes were drilled, followed by the excavation of the underground laboratory itself from 2000 to 2006. The large number of experiments has' generated a significant database that will expand beyond 2006. The MHM-URL will be extended and operated in order to back up further design studies. Andra will take into account all developed methodologies in the URL up to 2006 in order to prepare the scientific and technological research programme until 2009. Demonstrators will be built underground from 2009 onwards.
Wettability Control and Flow Regulation Using a Nanostructure-Embedded Surface
Tafti, Ehsan Yakhshi,Londe, Ghanashyam,Chunder, Anindarupa,Zhai, Lei,Kumar, Ranganathan,Cho, Hyoung J. American Scientific Publishers 2011 Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Vol.11 No.2
<P>This work addresses the synthesis, integration and characterization of a nanostructure-embedded thermoresponsive surface for flow regulation. In order to create a hierarchic structure which consists of microscale texture and nanoscale sub-texture, hybrid multilayers consisting of poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and colloidal silica nanoparticles (average diameter = 22 nm and 7 nm) were used. Based on the electrostatic interactions between the polyelectrolytes and nanoparticles, a layer-by-layer deposition technique in combination with photolithography was employed to obtain a localized, conformally-coated patch in a microchannel. Grafted with the thermoresponsive polymer, poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm), wettability of the surface could be tuned upon heating or cooling. The measurement of differential pressure at various stages of device verified the working conditions of the nanostructure-embedded surface for regulating a capillary flow in the microchannel.</P>