Perspective - the need and prospects for negative emission technologies - direct air capture through the lens of current sorption process development

Matthew J. Realff,민윤지,Christopher W. Jones,Ryan P. Lively 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.12

We provide a perspective on the development of direct air capture (DAC) as a leading candidate for implementing negative emissions technology (NET). We introduce DAC based on sorption, both liquid and solid, and draw attention to challenges that these technologies will face. We provide an analysis of the limiting mass transfer in the liquid and solid systems and highlight the differences.

Research needs targeting direct air capture of carbon dioxide: Material & process performance characteristics under realistic environmental conditions

Fanhe Kong,Guanhe Rim,MinGyu Song,Cornelia Rosu,Pranjali Priyadarshini,Ryan P. Lively,Matthew J. Realff,Christopher W. Jones 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.1

The extraction of CO2 from ambient air, or direct air capture (DAC), is a crucial negative CO2 emissions technology with great potential for contributing to the mitigation of global warming and climate change. However, nearly all published research on DAC has been conducted under indoor temperature conditions: 20 to 30 oC. In contrast, the future global implementation requires DAC to be operational across a wide expanse of geographical areas, in which the local temperatures can vary between 30 to 50 oC. Similarly, the absolute humidity can vary from ~0 to 84 g/ m3 in various locations. Due to the massive amount of air that would be processed, it may be impractical to preheat or dehumidify the air before the CO2 separation. Therefore, it is important to develop DAC materials with good performance at realistic outdoor conditions, especially at sub-ambient conditions: 30 to 20 oC. In addition to material development, system-level studies at sub-ambient conditions are also needed for the DAC processes to reach optimal designs, which may be very different from those at ambient conditions. In this perspective article, we first assess the literature to identify the technical gaps that need to be filled for DAC to be applicable at realistic outdoor conditions. We then suggest additional research directions needed for DAC to be viable under varied conditions from the perspective of materials and system designs. For materials, we discuss the expected physical and chemical property changes for the sorbents when the temperature or humidity reaches extremes within their range, and how that will impact performance. Similarly, for system design, we indicate how varied conditions will impact performance and how these changes will impact process optimization.

High-Temperature Activation of Zeolite-Loaded Fiber Sorbents

Sujan, Achintya R.,Koh, Dong-Yeun,Zhu, Guanghui,Babu, Vinod P.,Stephenson, Neil,Rosinski, Andrew,Du, Hai,Luo, Yang,Koros, William J.,Lively, Ryan P. American Chemical Society 2018 INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH - Vol.57 No.34

<P>Here, we describe the formation of zeolite LiX fiber sorbents and postfabrication activation at temperatures of 350-400 °C for use in air separations. Two polymers were considered as the support matrices for the LiX zeolites: Torlon (polyamide-imide) and Matrimid (polyimide). Torlon-based fiber sorbents exhibit approximately 4% mass loss during the high-temperature (370 °C) activation required for zeolites, which is close to the glass transition temperature of these polymers. This mass loss is accompanied by the formation of pyrolytic side products that ultimately resulted in contamination of the LiX crystals and a 73% reduction in N<SUB>2</SUB> sorption capacity at ambient temperatures. In contrast, Matrimid was found to be suitable for fiber sorbent synthesis with only 10-15% reduction in N<SUB>2</SUB> sorption capacity observed upon the thermal activation. A LiX loading of 73% in monolithic fibers (i.e., no bore) by weight was achievable. Experimental breakthrough tests at 25 °C were conducted on an activated fiber module consisting of densely packed LiX-Matrimid fiber sorbents and operated over a range of adsorption pressures (1-3.5 bar) that are often used in an actual pressure swing adsorption (PSA) process for air separation.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

캐비티 맞춤형 미세다공성 고분자분리막을 통한 기체분리

Jong Geun Seong,Won Hee Lee,Jongmyeong Lee,So Young Lee,Yu Seong Do,Joon Yong Bae,Sun Ju Moon,Chi Hoon Park,Hye Jin Jo,Ju Sung Kim,Yi Ren,Conrad J. Roos,Ryan P. Lively,Kueir-Rarn Lee,Wei-Song Hung,Jui 한국막학회 2023 한국막학회 총회 및 학술발표회 Vol.2023 No.05

우리나라 傳統的인 生活樣式의 硏究 : 운문사 여승의 의ㆍ식ㆍ주 생활을 중심으로

漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 漢陽大學校 韓國生活科學硏究所 1987 韓國 生活 科學 硏究 Vol.- No.5

In this rapid changing period, study about traditional life is necessary to preserve our culture. Unmoonsa(Buddhist temple) was chosen to study because temple would be the last place to be affected by modern western culture. Life style study was performed in three parts: Clothing and Textile, Food and & Nutrition and Housing & Management. (1) Result from Clothing & Textile was as follow: a) Priest's robes are worn by Buddhist monks when they worship, chant the sutra, and appear in public. The color is gray, and the material they are made of is ramie in summer, and synthetic fabrics in the other seasons. b) Monks wear Dongbangyuis with trousers as ordinary dress, but in winter, cotton-padded Dongbangyuis or quilted Dongbangyuis with trousers, instead. c) The Chuksam is called the Nambok. Koyuis are gray, cotton trousers worn with underpants and leggins which are wound the leg from ankle to knee. d) A Changsam is worn over a Chuksam when monks go out, and Mus are attached under the armpits of a Changsam. e) A Vest is gray cotton garment worn over a Chukori as a substitute for a Dongbangyuis. It is similar to a Baeja. f) There are two kinds of Vests; Vests with strings (Vest I) and Vests with buttons (Vest II). It sems that Vest I was used eariler than Vest II. All of the seams in Vest II are double-stitched, except for the pockets which have double top stitching on the sides. g) Monks wear rubber shoes which are white or black. h) The rosary and pouch which monks use are made of either Pearl-barley or linden tree. There are two kinds of rosaries, long and short. i) Barusugun is necessary in Barugongyang for cleaning bowls. j) Yunryugbok is a clerical grab composed of a Chukori and trousers for working. The color is gray, beige, brown, etc. k) A leggings is not wrapped on trousers with Yunryugbok. (2) Results from Food and Nutrition was as follow: a) Anthropometric measurements showed that mean height was 157.0 cm, mean body weight was 56.1 kg, mean tricep skinfold thickness was 18.7 mm. b) Energy expenditure calculated from daily life schedule was 2351 kcal. c) Energy intake calculated from menu and food intake was 1912 kcal. d) Energy ratio from carbohydrate : protein : fat was 70 : 15 : 15. e) meat and meat product, egg, garlic, green onion were not used due to religious reason. (3) Results from Housing & Management was as follow: a) Tamale Un-moon was located at an ideal place to be able to avoid hot summer and cold winter and the damage of the rainy spell. b) Almost all the building of the Temple faced south but it was not satisfactorily dispersed for considering the distance to move. c) The students of Un-moon-monk-academy worked very long hours (include practure), and got only one and half hours for leisure. d) The students was allowed to bath and to clean the clothes freely but they did not do it frequently e) The leisure facilities for the students were fairly good, but only suitable fur passive activities. f) The students had very limitted space for personal care but almost all of them were satisfied with their small space. Because they did not have much personal care. g) The life space of the students were also restricted. Because there is no distinction between private room and public room. They enjoyed their private life within the communal life. h) Their main life style was still sitting in the floor and it would be very difficult to be changed.