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Proteomic Analysis of Shigella Virulence Effectors Secreted under Different Conditions
( Xingming Liu ),( Lilan Lu ),( Xinrui Liu ),( Xiankai Liu ),( Chao Pan ),( Erling Feng ),( Dongshu Wang ),( Chang Niu ),( Li Zhu ),( Hengliang Wang ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.1
A series of novel effector molecules secreted by the type three secretion system (T3SS) of Shigella spp. have been reported in recent years. In this study, a proteomic approach was applied to study T3SS effectors systematically. First, proteins secreted by the S. flexneri wildtype strain after Congo Red induction were separated and identified using two-dimensional electrophoresis to display the relative abundance of all kinds of early effectors for the first time. Then, a gene deletion mutant of known virulence repressor (OspD1) and a gene overexpressed mutant of two known virulence activators (MxiE and IpgC) were constructed and analyzed to discover potential late effectors. Furthermore, the supernatant proteins of gene deletion mutants of two known translocators (IpaB and IpaD), which would constantly secrete effectors, were also analyzed. Among all of the secreted proteins identified in our study, IpaH1.4, IpaH_5, and IpaH_7 have not been reported before. These proteomics data of the secreted effectors will be valuable to understand the pathogenesis of S. flexneri.
A Novel Hybrid Suspension Electromagnet for Middle-low Speed Maglev Train
Han Weitao,Sun Jinji,Liu Xiankai,Guo Haixia,Wang Jinsha 한국자기학회 2017 Journal of Magnetics Vol.22 No.3
This paper proposes a novel hybrid suspension electromagnet for application in the middle-low speed maglev train. Its configuration and working principle are introduced. Mathematical models of the suspension force and guidance force are established accurately by equivalent magnetic circuit method (EMCM), from which the relationships of suspension force-control current-suspension gap and guidance force-guidance displacement are derived. Finite element method (FEM) is also applied to analyze the performances and characteristics of the novel hybrid suspension electromagnet. The analysis results are in good agreement with those calculated by EMCM, which is helpful in designing and optimizing the suspension system. The comparisons are made between the performances of the novel and the traditional electromagnets. The contrast results indicate that the proposed hybrid suspension electromagnet possesses better performances compared to the traditional structure, especially the little control current and the low suspension power loss.