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A License Plate Recognition System Based On SURF Algorithm
Nguyen Quoc Hung,A.A. Lensky,Jong Soo Lee 제어로봇시스템학회 2009 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.8
The popularity and importance of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) are widely increasing. One of the big issue of the ITS system is an accurate late recognition feature. In this paper, we propose a novel license plate detection method based on the features [1] extracted from the speeded up robust features (SURF) algorithm. A “eatures dictionary”is constructed from the most frequent features and compared to a new input feature to find the appropriate license plate. A new detected feature is compared to the entire features in the dictionary to yield the distances between the feature and the features in the dictionary. The distances are used to estimate the probability density function. Moreover, the pattern matching framework utilizing the feature vectors and the dictionary are proposed. The final results of the experiment show that the average success rate is about 93 percent.
Genome evolution and adaptation in a long-term experiment with Escherichia coli
Barrick, Jeffrey E.,Yu, Dong Su,Yoon, Sung Ho,Jeong, Haeyoung,Oh, Tae Kwang,Schneider, Dominique,Lenski, Richard E.,Kim, Jihyun F. Macmillan Publishers Limited. All rights reserved 2009 Nature Vol.461 No.7268
The relationship between rates of genomic evolution and organismal adaptation remains uncertain, despite considerable interest. The feasibility of obtaining genome sequences from experimentally evolving populations offers the opportunity to investigate this relationship with new precision. Here we sequence genomes sampled through 40,000 generations from a laboratory population of Escherichia coli. Although adaptation decelerated sharply, genomic evolution was nearly constant for 20,000 generations. Such clock-like regularity is usually viewed as the signature of neutral evolution, but several lines of evidence indicate that almost all of these mutations were beneficial. This same population later evolved an elevated mutation rate and accumulated hundreds of additional mutations dominated by a neutral signature. Thus, the coupling between genomic and adaptive evolution is complex and can be counterintuitive even in a constant environment. In particular, beneficial substitutions were surprisingly uniform over time, whereas neutral substitutions were highly variable.