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Selective hydrogenation of benzonitrile and its homologues to primary amines over platinum
Krisztina Lévay,Tamás Kárpáti,László Heged}us 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.101 No.-
Various supported precious metal (Pt, Rh, Ru, Ir) catalysts have been screened in the reduction of benzonitrile(BN), benzyl cyanide (BC) and 3-phenylpropionitrile (PPN) to benzylamine (BA), 2-phenylethylamine (PEA) and 3-phenylpropylamine (PPA), using our method for selective, heterogeneous,palladium-catalysed hydrogenation of nitriles to primary amines developed previously. A readily availableplatinum on carbon catalyst (10% Pt/C) afforded the best results obtaining complete conversion ofnitriles, as well as comparatively high isolated yields (58–70%) and selectivities to primary amines(57–68%) under mild and optimized conditions [6 bar, 30 C, two immiscible solvents (dichloromethane/water or toluene/water), acidic additives (NaH2PO4, (NH4)H2PO4 or H2SO4)]. Contrary to the typicalhigh secondary amine selectivity of platinum, surprisingly, this Pt/C catalyst proved to be much moreeffective and selective in the formation of PEA and PPA than a Pd/C one applied earlier. To clear the divergencesin the primary amine selectivity observed, quantum chemical calculations (DFT) were accomplishedrelated to the adsorption interactions between the imine intermediates and platinum.